Reports and Proceedings — British Association^ 417 



of breccia occur at the base, well seen at Castle Donington. A con- 

 siderable area is covered by these beds to the south of the Trent. 

 Between Griffydam and the Charnwood Hills the basal breccia 

 becomes much more developed, replacing a great deal of the sand- 

 stone. It rests here on Coal-measures, and is unaffected by a large 

 fault below. The Keuper marls, which come next, occupy a larger 

 area than any other formation, covering three-fourths of the map. 

 As a general rule they pass down into the sandstones below, but 

 overlap them in the neighbourhood of the old land surface of the 

 Charnwood Hills. They are lithologically red and grey marls, with 

 thin unimportant bands of white sandstone, only one, south of 

 Castle Donington, being worth mapping. The marls contain beds 

 of gypsum worked at Chellaston and Gotham. 



Three patches of Lias, with narrow outcrops of Rhsetic at their 

 bases, occur. The one at Normanton is a spur of the main mass 

 of Lias in the next sheet to the east ; the other two, at Gotham and 

 West Leake, are outliers. The Rhsetic consist of about 20 feet of 

 dark laminated shales resting on tea-green marl. Above is grey 

 shale with thin limestones passing up into Lias. A collection 

 of fossils from the Normanton tunnel has been described by 

 Ml'. Montagu Browne. 



The Drift is much thinner and less important than in the sheet to 

 the south. It is found to cap the hills, except in the Charnwood 

 district, which stands at a higher level. 



The oldest post-Glacial deposit is the high-level valley gravel 

 flanking the Trent and Derwent Valleys on the northern side, and 

 it forms a sort of passage from Glacial to Eecent times. Eiver 

 terraces border all the main rivers at about a height of 15 to 20 feet 

 above the alluvium, from which they usually rise in a sharp bank. 

 They become mingled with modern alluvial deposits where tributary 

 streams enter. Hippopotamus, Eleplias, Bhinoceros, and Bison are 

 recorded from them. For the most part, contemporaneous with the 

 terraces are lacustrine deposits lying in hollows in the Keuper 

 marl ; Sinfin Moor is the best example. Alluvium covers a con- 

 siderable area in this district owing to several important streams 

 running into the Trent here. It is 20 to 30 feet thick. 



The last chapter is devoted to a description of the faults, and is 

 followed by an Appendix of 30 pages of Borings and Pit Sections. 

 An Index concludes the work. There are a number of figures in the 

 text and a fine plate of High Sharpley, Charnwood Forest. 



:e?,:b:f»oe,ts j^j^jd I=I^ocE]:E33DII^^C3-s. 



I. — British Association for the Advancement of Science. 

 Cape Town, South Africa, August 16th, 1905. 



Address to the Geological Section (C) by Professor H. A. Miers, M.A., 

 D.Sc, F.E.S., President of tlie Sectioa. 



IN opening the proceedings of Section C on its first visit to South 

 Africa, and speaking first on behalf of those who are visitors, 

 I think I may justly claim that to no Section of the British 



DECADE T. — VOL. II. NO. IX. 27 



