434 Herbert Bolton — Loicer Coal-measures, Lancashire, etc. 



Although the Bullion mine can be traced southwards to Oldham, 

 westwards to Padihani, and over the whole of Eossendale, its prolific 

 yield of fossils both in nodules and in the surrounding shales is 

 everywhere remarkable. The ' Soapstone bed ' has not been recog- 

 nised, however, outside the Burnley area, but the occurrence of au 

 Arachnide, Architarbus suhovalis, from this level at Padiham, would 

 seem to indicate its presence there. 



The shales lying upon the Bullion seam outside the Burnley 

 district and those lying upon the Mountain Four Feet in that area 

 are thus one continuous deposit, and have yielded more than thirty- 

 five species of fossils. The chief repository of fossils lies between 

 the roof of the coal-seam and the ' Soapstone bed.' Above the latter 

 there is a marked falling off in genera and species. 



Diagrammatic Section showing position of ' Soapstone bed ' and relation of 



the ' Mountain Four Feet ' to the ' Bullion ' and ' Gannister ' mines. 

 sh. shale ; s. Soapstone bed shale ; m. Mountain Four Feet mine ; /. fireclay ; 

 bm. Bullion mine ; sa. sandstone ; gm. Gannister mine ; r. Gannister rock. 



The nodules of the ' Soapstone bed ' are usually of small size, the 

 average being about two inches long by one and a quarter inches 

 wide. The great bulk of them contain a compact mass of the 

 Goniatite, Dimorphoceras Gilhertsoni, Phillips, varying in diameter 

 from that of a millet-seed to fifteen millimetres, the latter size being 

 rare. More rarely, the nodules contain bones and scales of fishes, 

 and, rarest of all, examples of Arachnida, Myriopoda, Crustacea, and 

 Amphibia. A census of the Lower Coal-measure fauna was drawn 

 up two years ago by the writer, from which the following lists of 

 fossils occurring in the shales between the coal-seam and the ' Soap- 

 stone bed ' and in the ' Soapstone bed ' itself have been extracted. 



Shales over ' Foue Feet ' and ' Bullion ' Mines. 



Discina orbicularis, Bolton. 

 Lingula mytiloides, Sow. 

 Fosidoniella Icevis, Brown. 



,, minor, Brown. 



,, suhquadrata, Hind. 



,, Icevigata, Salter. 



Fterinopecten papyraceus, Sow. 

 Baphistoma (?) oriutta, Bolton. 

 Naticopsis globularis, Bolton. 

 Glyphioceras paucilobiim, Phillips. 



Dimorphoceras Gilhertsoni, Phillips. 

 Gastrioceras carbonarium, von Buch. 



,, Listeri, Martin. 



,, co»-oM«<)M«, Foord & Crick. 



Acanthodes Wardi, Egerton. 

 Listracanthus spinatus, Bolton. 

 Ehizodopsis sauroides, "Williamson. 

 Cmlacanthus elcgans, Newberry. 

 Elonichthys scmistriattis, Traquair. 



