Herbert Bolton — Loioer Coal-measures, Lancashire, etc. 435 



Fossils from 'Soapstonb Bed.' 



DimorpJioceras Gilbertsoni, Phillips. AcantJiodes Wardi, Egerton. 



Fygocephalus Cooperi, Huxley. Elonichthys Aitkeni, Traquair. 



Prestwichia rotundata, H. Woodw. Hylonomus Wildi, A. S. Woodward. 



Architarhios subovalis, H. "Woodw. Microsaurian remains iinidentified. 

 Sybodopsis Wardi, Barkas. 



It will be seen that the fauna of the ' Soapstone bed ' differs 

 markedly from that of the underlying shales, although a few forms 

 are common to the two. 



Further examination of the bed cannot now be made in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Carre Heys, as the mines have been long abandoned, 

 and nothing remains but the grass-grown spoil-heaps of debris now 

 reduced to a condition of soft clay in which the small nodules can 

 occasionally be found. 



The following list includes most, if not all, of the allied genera and 

 species already recorded from the Lancashire Coal-measures : — 



Ant1irapal(Bmon Etheridgei, Peach, Trans. E. S. Edinb., 1880, 



vol. XXX, pp. 76-78, pi. viii, figs. ^a-g. 

 A cephalothorax of this species was found high up in the Lower 

 Coal-measures of Cant Clough, near Burnley, in 1884. 



Fygocephalus Cooperi, Huxley, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1857, 

 vol. xiii, p. 363, pi. xiii; 1862, vol. xiv, p. xci; vol. xviii, 

 p. 420 ; see also H. Woodward, Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, 

 1866, vol. ii, p. 234. 

 Found by the late George Wild in the ' Soapstone bed,' above the 

 Mountain Four Feet coal, at Carre Heys, near Colne. A second 

 specimen has been found in the Middle Coal-measures of Medlock 

 Park Bridge, near Ashton-under-Lyne. Both examples are in the 

 Manchester Museum of Owens College. A third specimen has 

 been found by Messrs. Baldwin and Sutcliffe in an ironstone nodule- 

 band occurring 60 yards above the Eoyley or Arley mine at Sparth.. 

 Bottoms, Kochdale.^ 



Arihropleura {olim Eurypterus) mammata,"^ Salter, 1863, Quart. 

 Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xix, p. 84. 

 Fragments of this species belonging to the head, lateral portions 



^ See Catalogue Type Fossils in Museum Handbook of the Owens College 

 Museum, Manchester, by H. Bolton, 1893, where on p. 23 is a description and 

 figure of the type-specimen of Fygocephalus Cooperi, Huxley. Eight specimens of 

 this species have been obtained by the British Museum (Natural History) from 

 Coseley Coalfield, near Dudley, in Mr. Henry Johnson's collection, etc. 



^ Remains of this genus have been discovered by Mr. James McMm'trie, F.G-.S., 

 in the Coal-measures of Radstock, Somerset, and by Mr. J. W. Kirkby in the 

 Coal-measures of Fifeshire. They agree (according to Dr. Woodward) most closely 

 with the Arthropleiira armata of Jordan from the Coal-measures of Saarbruck, 

 Ehenish Prussia (see Palseontographica, 1856, Bd. iv, Taf. 2, figs. 4 and 5), and 

 from their peculiar pustulate, mammate, and spinous ornamentation may prove, when 

 more remains have been obtained, to be parts of the body-segments of a large 

 Ai-achuid. See Pal. Soc. Mon. Merostomata, by H. Woodward, pt. iv, 1872, 

 pp. 163-168; cf. also figure and description of Eurypterus scabrosus, H. W., 

 Geol. Mag., 1887, pp. 481-484, PI. XIII, from Lower Carboniferous shales, 

 Eskdale, Scotland. 



