22 EDWARD W. BERRY 
collections may furnish sufficient material for a complete diagnosis. 
in which case the specific identity can be positively settled. 
Subkingdom Spermatophyta 
Class GYMNOSPERMAE 
Order CONIFERALES 
Family Pinaceae 
Subfamily Taxodieae 
Genus Taxodium Rich. 
TAXODIUM DISTICHUM MIOCENUM 
Heer 
Taxodites dubius Sternb., Fl. d. 
Vorwelt, 204. 1838. 
Unger, Iconogr., 20. pl. 10)t, 17 
1852. 
Taxodium dubium Heer, Fl. Tert. 
Helv; t:40° plax7.taschy. osc. 
Taxodium distichum miocenum Heer, Mioc. Baltic Fl., 18. pl. 2; pl. 3. f. 6, 7. 1869. 
Newb.,. Mon:.U., S:? Geol Surv.;.35:22. pl 47; 5 6;. ple Sr.tos-e pl es2umte 
2-4; pl. 55. f. 5. 1898. 
Knowlton, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv., No. 204:27. 1902. 
Harriman Rept., 4:152. 1904. 
IGS) 
This is by far the commonest fossil in these deposits indicating that 
the nearby shores were probably bordered by cypress swamps, thus. 
furnishing a plausible explanation for the absence of terrigenous 
materials in the Calvert formation. 
It is an exceedingly common and widespread Tertiary species. 
ranging from the Eocene upward into the basal Pliocene (Messinian) 
and recorded from numerous localities throughout Eurasia from 
Japan and the Kirghiz Steppe to Italy, Prussia, France, and Switzer- 
land. In the Arctic regions it has been found in Alaska, Grinnell 
Land, and Greenland, and in the United States it is recorded from 
Nevada, Wyoming, Montana, and Oregon. 
It may be distinguished from the equally wide-ranging Sequova 
langsdorfii by the markedly decurrent leaves of the latter. 
The collection made at Richmond include, in addition to the 
leafy twigs, the characteristic cone-scale figured, which is slightly 
smaller than the usual scales of the existing species but otherwise 
exactly similar. 
