WAVERLY FORMATIONS OF KENTUCKY 165 
Logan practically impossible since the rocks, beginning with the 
upper Cuyahoga, are lithologically very similar. ‘This is true also 
of the Kentucky field. 
The lower formations, the Bedford, Berea, and Sunbury, and also 
the lower part of the Cuyahoga, on the contrary, are quite constant 
in this part of the state. They have been traced as far south as the 
Ohio River. Professor Prosser in the preparation of his paper on 
‘The Sunbury Shale of Ohio” pushed the line just across the river 
and made a section at Vanceburg, Ky.* 
Shortly after leaving the Ohio River, however, the Bedford and 
Berea rapidly thin out, allowing the Sunbury shale to rest almost 
directly upon the Ohio shale. The sandstones of these lower forma- 
tions also disappear and are replaced by shales. There is also a 
marked westward thinning. 
The discovery of these facts has contributed materially to the 
correct determination of the Waverly formations of eastern Kentucky. 
The presentation of these data together with their bearing upon the 
stratigraphy will form the chief part of this paper. This, probably, 
can best be accomplished by giving in order a few sections which 
clearly show the changes. 
At the southeastern end of Vanceburg is a high hill known as 
Alum Rock. Along a path ascending this hill the rocks are nicely 
exposed from the Ohio shale to the lower part of the Cuyahoga. 
Since this section is one of the most typical of the lower Waverly in 
Kentucky, it will be given somewhat in detail, although it has already 
been published. ? 
SECTION OF ALUM ROCK, VANCEBURG 
Feet Inches Feet 
Geen CU GIO J OTIMGNLON ia 5 arti tac alee oat shar siete lato) eae) se 39 
Interval covered except a thick layer of argillaceous sand- 
stone at the top. The sandstone contains Taonurus. 
Small phosphatic nodules are found in the basal part of 
the interval. 
AM StMbUPy Shale, total otinickmesss 9. ays cystic: aie ono ie: 15% 
Black, fissile, carbonaceous shales, which cannot be 
distinguished, lithologically, from the Ohio shale. 
t Jour. Geol., Vol. X, pp. 292, 293, 1902. 
2 Loc. cit. 
