WAVERLY FORMATIONS OF KENTUCKY 167 
Alum Rock hill extends only a short distance, 39 feet, above the 
Sunbury shale and this interval is practically covered except at the 
top. where a massive layer of sandstone is exposed. Higher strata 
are found, however, in an adjacent hill known as ‘Slate Point.” 
Near the summit the lower Cuyahoga is quite well exposed along the 
road which ascends the hill. It consist of even-bedded argillaceous 
sandstones or freestones with shaly partings and is the typical Buena 
Vista member.* 
On the Petersville Road some three miles south of Vanceburg is 
a long hill known as the Vanceburg hill. After this is crossed, the 
Sunbury shale is found at its base, and below, 194 feet of the top 
of the Berea grit. Instead of being a massive sandstone, as at Alum 
Rock, the most of this interval is composed of arenaceous shales and 
shaly sandstones, only 24 feet reaching the proportions of a thin- 
bedded sandstone. The upper two feet have been considerably 
disturbed while the last layer varying from o to g inches is badly 
contorted. ‘There was no question as to this identification, however, 
as the sandstones were excellently ripple-marked and were directly 
overlain by the complete Sunbury. 
Such marked lithological changes in so short a distance are very 
striking and should cause subsequent study to be performed more 
critically. They also prepare us for, or cause us to anticipate, other 
changes. 
At various places along the next six or eight miles of this same 
road, slight exposures show that the area has been somewhat dis- 
turbed. ‘This is mostly in the form of folds and affects the top of the 
Ohio shale and the Bedford and Berea. In one place the movement 
was sufficient to cause a fault but the exposure was not large enough 
to show the amount of displacement. 
Thirteen miles south of Vanceburg, at the home of J. E. Kegley, 
the Petersville Road crosses a small run called Elk Lick. At the 
road side south of this stream is a steep hill, upon the side of which 
the Ohio, Berea, and Sunbury are exposed. While the out-crops 
are not all that could be desired, yet they show that the Bedford and 
t For the revival and present usage of the term ‘‘Buena Vista”? and another, 
“City ledge,” to be used later, the reader is referred to pages 341 and 342 of Professor 
Prosser’s paper on “The Waverly Formations of Central Ohio,” Am. Geol., Vol. 
XXXIV, 1904. 
