364 HENRY B. KUMMEL 
DEVONIAN FORMATIONS IN THE GREEN POND MOUNTAIN AREA 
Kanouse sandstone-—The Kanouse sandstone, the lowest Devonian 
formation of the Green Pond Mountain region, is a thick-bedded, 
fine-grained conglomerate below, and a greenish sandstone above, 
having a thickness of about 215 feet. Although fossils are not rare, 
yet as a rule they are obscure, and many of them are so greatly dis- 
torted that their identification is impossible. So far as recognized 
they indicate an Onondaga fauna, and these beds may be interpreted 
as the shoreward correlatives of the Onondaga limestone. It is 
the formation which in the New Jersey Geological Survey reports 
has been called the Newfoundland grit. 
Its outcrops form a narrow belt parallel to the Decker Ferry lime- 
stone, but separated from it by a narrow interval. In the upper 
Delaware Valley, as noted above, there are seven formations aggre- 
gating nearly goo feet in thickness between the Decker Ferry and the 
Onondaga. In the Green Pond Mountain region none of these has 
been recognized and, if present at all, it can be only in very attenuated 
form. 
Pequanac shale—The Kanouse sandstone apparently grades 
upward into a black and dark-gray, thick-bedded, slaty shale (the 
“Monroe” shale of Darton and others). Cleavage is usually strongly 
developed so that the bedding planes are not always readily discern- 
ible. The thickness is estimated at 1,000 feet. This formation is 
probably conformable upon the Kanouse sandstone, but the contact has 
nowhere been observed. It contains a somewhat meager fauna among 
which, however, is the characteristic Hamilton species, Tro pidole ptus 
carinatus, so that its reference to this period is beyond question. 
Bellvale sandstone-——The Bellvale sandstone is scarcely more 
than a continuation of the Pequanac shale, but the beds are coarser 
and more sandy. The average thickness is estimated at 1,800 feet. 
The few fossils found are all Hamilton species. 
Skunnemunk conglomerate.—The Bellvale sandstones grade up- 
ward into a coarse, purple-red, massive conglomerate, the white- 
quartz pebbles of which are sometimes 6 or 7 inches in diameter 
Beds of red, quartzitic sandstone alternate more or less frequently 
with the conglomerate and there are many gradations between the 
two. It forms the great mass of Bearfort Mountain in New Jersey 
