REVIEWS 
Die Alpen im Eiszeitalter. Von Dr. ALBRECHT PENCK, Professor an 
der Universitat Berlin, und Dr. EpuARD BRUCKNER, Professor 
an der Universitat Wien. Gekroénte Preisschrift. Leipzig: 
Chr. Herm. Tauchnitz, Verleger. In drei Banden, S. xxxviii+ 
1200, mit 136 Abbildungen im text, 30 Tafeln, und 19 Karten. 
Vollstandig in 11 Lieferungen a 5 Mark. 
This voluminous work, by two of the leading glacialists of Europe, 
has been seven years in course of publication, the first Lieferung having 
appeared in December, rgor, and the eleventh or concluding Lieferung 
in December, 1908. It represents the vacation work of each of these 
authors for a period of about twenty-five years, and is largely a labor of 
love, the greater part of it having been carried on independent of official 
surveys and at private expense. 
The plan of the work embraces three volumes, of which the first deals 
with the glaciations on the north of the eastern Alps, the second on the 
north of the western Alps, the third in the southern Alps and eastern end 
of the Alps. The paging, however, is continuous so that the entire work 
may be bound in a single volume and it has but a single index. The com-- 
prehensiveness of the treatment of results of the many studies carried on by 
various students is shown by the fact that there are 547 different authors 
either referred to or quoted. 
In the first volume, which is entirely the work of Dr. Penck, after a 
brief setting forth of the problems involved and the methods of study pur- 
sued, and a brief outline of leading features in the northern portion of the 
eastern Alps, attention is first called to the gravel outwash aprons and lines 
of glacial drainage displayed in the Alpine foreland. The morainic belts 
are then discussed and then the feeding grounds of the glaciers. Over- 
deepening is discussed in considerable fulness in relation to the Inn valley 
system and the rules for overdeepening by glacial erosion are briefly con- 
sidered. 
It was in this field that Penck first worked out the intricacy of the glacial 
history, and it was done largely through a study of the out-wash phenomena 
or glacial drainage. It was found that there are four different old fluvio- 
glacial gravel deposits, each of which is connected with a drift sheet. The 
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