NEW PERMIAN VERTEBRATES 641 
median narial opening, I cannot see why there should be a palatal 
opening below it. It is not for the passage of teeth, as in some 
labyrinthodonts. A median opening is not unknown among the 
Stegocephala. Dasyceps, from the Permian of Kenilworth, has a 
large, elongate opening between the nasals, and Acanthostoma, from 
the Rothliegendes, has a moderately large median vacuity between 
the large nasals and the premaxillae. 
The greatly enlarged and elongated openings on the sides of the 
face in front of the orbits are, in part at least, merely antorbital 
vacuities; of this there can be no doubt. The anterior portions, 
however, seem to be the real nares, in position like those of Eryops, 
and opening into a vacuity at the outer side of the palatine and 
vomers of the palate. A flattened or concave bone is seen in the 
right fossa, directed obliquely backward. It may be a turbinated 
bone. 
The occipital condyles are parial, the gentle concave articular 
surfaces looking backward, a little downward, and toward each other. 
A specimen of Eryops in the collection shows, I think clearly, a trans- 
verse suture a little in front of these processes separating them from the 
part in front which I believe to be the basisphenoid, and just back of 
a pair of flattened or spoon-shaped processes, corresponding to the 
hypopophyses of the reptilian basisphenoid and occipital region. 
In front of these processes the bone is gently concave from side to 
side. In the middle in front there is a rounded heavy margin, which 
- shows no traces of a bony prolongation, as in Eryops, into the median 
parasphenoid. On either side in front the basisphenoid turns 
downward in a thickened process, quite as in Eryops, to articulate with 
the pterygoids. On either side, posteriorly, from the basioccipital 
processes a groove runs outward and upward, bounded in front and 
behind by bars of bone. At about 30™™ from the middle line this 
groove turns at an acute angle forward nearly parallel to the median 
axis of the skull to terminate at the outer end of the pterygoids, and 
leading into the temporal vacuity. The bone containing this groove 
shows at its inner extremity a distinct suture separating it from the 
occipital and basisphenoid. It is doubtless in part at least the par- 
occipital. : 
The pterygoid, from the basisphenoid articulation, turns trans- 
