724 J. W. BEEDE 
be found in the Asiatic region and in America. To a fair degree 
this seems to be true of the lower portion of the Permian (that part 
represented in the Kansas section) in America, and as Diener has 
shown, in the eastern Himalayas, and it is true of the Mediterranean 
region. The most typical marine Permian fauna of this age in 
America is found in the Guadalupe Mountains of Texas and New 
Mexico.’ It is the failure to recognize these dual conditions that 
has caused much of the controversy over the Permian question. 
In the Kansas rocks as well as those of Oklahoma and Texas, 
only the basal part is typically marine. ‘The typical marine ‘facies 
of the beds extend quite as high in the Kansas section as in that of 
Texas. Local incursions of marine conditions occur later in western 
Oklahoma and Texas than in Kansas. 
The faunal relationships of the Kansas section are such as to 
lead us to suspect that an interrupted intermigration requiring con- 
siderable time in its consummation occurred between the European 
and Kansas regions. This fact tends to complicate direct correla- 
tion and it is questionable if minor stages can be correlated closely 
with those of Europe. Less trouble will probably be encountered 
in the final determination of the separation of the Permian—in the 
broad sense of the term. 
COMPARISON OF FAUNAS 
A collection of Foraminifera, probably from the Neva limestone, 
was studied by Erich Spandel.?, Some of these were found to be dis- 
tinctly of Carboniferous and some of distinctly Permian affinities, 
and he concluded that the rocks from which they come are of Permo- 
Carboniferous age. He was sufficiently sanguine of this to name two 
of the species “postcarbonica.” The species described are: Ammo- 
discus concavus, Bigenerina cf. eximia, Dentalina bradyi, Geinitzina 
postcarbonica, Lituola? sp., Monogenerina atava, M. nodosarijorsis, 
Nodosaria postcarbonica, Tretaxis conica, and Textularia gibbosa. 
Probably from the same stratum from which these Foraminifera came, 
we find specimens of a typical Schwagerina. The same stratum 
« Girty, “The Guadalupian Fauna,” Professional Paper 58, U. S. Geological 
Survey, 1909. 
2 Loc. cit. 
