A Retrospect of Geology for Fortij Years. 3 



^prominently before the Editor, A small Committee met in his 

 study during the winter of 1873-74, and as a result brief abstracts 

 'of geological papers were for a time contributed with some regularity 

 to the (iEOLOGiCAL MAGAZINE. The Committee consisted of Henry 

 Woodward, Prof. Williamson, F. W. Eudler, L. C. Miall, W. Topley, 

 W. Whitaker, G. A. Lebour, W. Carruthers, and H. B. Woodward. 

 It soon became obvious that the Geological Magazine was not 

 large enough to embody all the abstracts that were forthcoming. 

 This led on to the establishment of the " Geological Kecord " under 

 the editorship of Whitaker, and for a few years an excellent and 

 -carefully edited annual volume was published, with the aid of 

 a grant from the British Association. Difficulties, however, arose, 

 and that work was ultimately abandoned when the " Record " was 

 brought up to 1884:. 



In this Decade Pleistocene geology again occupies a prominent 

 position in the Magazine, and Sir Henry Howorth appears on the 

 scene with essays on the Mammoth in Siberia and its extinction, 

 and on the evidences which he pictured of a great Post-Glacial 

 Flood. The Loess is discussed by Baron von Riohthofen, Howorth, 

 and Nehring. Ice-work in Newfoundland is described by J. Milne, 

 and special attention is called to the action of coast-ice. R. D. 

 Darbishire discourses on the drifts at high levels at Macclesfield ; 

 and the Recent and Pleistocene geology of Cornwall was treated 

 of in essays by W. A. E. Ussher. 



The subjects of Climate, Continents, Mountains, and Escarpments 

 are again discussed ; and W. Flight discourses on the History of 

 Meteorites. Judd deals with the study of Volcanoes, and in an 

 article on the origin of Lake Balaton, in Hungary, he so far questions 

 the glacial origin of certain lakes as to rouse a storm of opposition 

 from Ramsay, J. Geikie, and others. J. Milne turns from the 

 subject of Glaciers to Volcanoes, and finally to Earth Movements. 



Among the older rocks, and especially in the structure of the 

 Scottish mountains, a great advance is made : in the classic paper 

 by Lap worth on the Secret of the Highlands, and in papers by 

 Hudleston on Assynt, and Hicks on parts of Ross-shire. 



The older Palgeozoic rocks are dealt with by Hicks and Lapworth, 

 and the Devonian by Champernowne. 



The relations of Permian and Bunter are freely discussed ; while 

 the palaeontology of the Yorkshire Oolites forms the subject of 

 another classic paper by Hudleston. 



In Petrology we have the important essay by Teall on the Cheviot 

 Andesites and Porphyrites ; while of general papers, that on the 

 geology of Spitzbergen, by A. E. Nordenskiold, and the "Travelling 

 Notes " of J. Milne, across Europe and Asia, are specially noteworthy. 



In the Third Decade the subject of Metamorphism is largely 

 dealt with, the effects both of contact with intrusive masses and of 

 earth stresses being discussed. Serpentine in particular comes in 

 for treatment. Teall deals with the origin of Banded Gneisses 

 and with the metamorphism of the Lizard Gabbros — a subject into 

 which Bonney and McMahon enter in discussion. The schists of 



