72 Rev. E. Hill—Stevn's Klint, Denmark. 



this a deep-water deposit; though in earlier days Forchhamraer 

 had attributed the irregularity to shallowness and nearness to land. 

 The series as a whole is designated the Newer Chalk. 



At the base of this Newer Chalk I noticed a few inches of 

 brecciated rock, possibly the part said to represent the Fakse beds. 

 All below is often hid by a talus-slope, some thirty or forty feet 

 high. Where this has been cleared away there is exposed also 

 chalk, but a different chalk. It is softer, whiter, and shows lines of 

 flints (flints, not flint ; the black nodules with white skins that 

 we know so well in our cliff's of Albion). It is designated by the 

 Danish geologists Writing Chalk {Skrivehalk, translating the 

 German SchveibehaUc) . The boundary between it and the over- 

 lying Newer Chalk is straight, and the lines of flints in it are 

 straight also. This disposes of the question, mooted above, as to 

 the origin of a drift-filled hollow. It shows that such hollow cannot 

 he due to bending, for the Writing Chalk is not bent. My hope of 

 evidence on the question whether the Drift has been affected by 

 movements in underlying beds was destroyed. The chalk, however, 

 has been slightly moved. A distant view of a long stretch of cliff", 

 south of Hojerup, seemed to show a straight junction-line between 

 the two chalks, with a straight line of flints in the lower, which rose 

 northwards, approximating to the junction-line. (This would 

 indicate some interval of time between the two.) Also, the top of 

 the Writing Chalk, which at Hojerup is perhaps 30 feet above sea- 

 level, some three miles north, at Eskesti, has risen to the top of the 

 cliff", about 80 feet high. Though the Newer Chalk is absent 

 there, it again caps the cliff" a little further north, at Mandhoved 

 Pynt, 120 feet high, the highest ground of the cliff. At Eskesti is 

 an extensive quarry in which the straight parallel lines of flints are 

 numerous and conspicuous. 



This lower Writing Chalk yields to the sea-waves, and leaves the 

 Newer Chalk overhanging it as a great cornice along most of the 

 cliff". In consequence the beach can seldom be reached except by 

 aid of ladders. In five or six miles of cliff" there were only five or 

 six spots where I found paths continuous down to the sea. The 

 waste, however, must be slow, as the legend quoted above will show. 

 Signs of landslip were rare. Even gullies in the cliff" edge were 

 shallow and short ; only one ran 100 yards inland. The contrast 

 between this level platform and the broken surfaces of Moen and 

 Riigen was as great as that of Riigen's steeply dipping flint lines or 

 Moen's contorted and shattered strata with these even, regular beds. 

 The three localities have, however, much in common. They are all 

 Chalk mantled with Drift; they all face east; they all stand out 

 into the Baltic, lofty bastions against its assault. 



The level strata of this cliflf suggest one important reflection. 

 Stevn's Klint presents vertical faces, sometimes over 100 feet high, 

 to the south, east, and north. I saw the greater part, and saw no 

 dislocation or disturbance of beds. Not twenty miles off", across the 

 sea, is the mainland of Sweden. Where were these cliff's when 

 a Northern Ice-sheet advanced ? Or, what was the Northern Ice-sheet 



