Reviews — T. Sheppanl — Geological Rambles, E. Yorkshire. 85 



f). 215, and Professor Hall, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, xxxviii, 205, 

 With regard to his second Hypothesis, the passage between Silurian 

 and Old Red Sandstone and between Old Red Sandstone and Carbon- 

 iferous has been pointed out by numerous geologists, although the 

 evidence of passage between Silurian and Old Red Sandstone in 

 South Wales and Monmouthshire has not been confirmed by the 

 recent work of the Geological Survey. 



The author dwells a good deal on " the suddenness with which 

 vertebrate life, in well-developed types, appears within the British 

 area in the uppermost beds of the Silurian system," and in order to 

 imake clear his phraseology he adopts " the rather awkward specific 

 terms of, respectively, ' Prevertebrate Silurian,' 'Vertebrate Silurian,' 

 ' Prevertebrate Old Red,' and ' Vertebrate Old Red,' as also the 

 igeneric terms ' Prevertebrate Palseozoic ' and ' Vertebrate Palfeo- 

 zoic' " He recognizes that certain " ' Prevertebrate Old Red ' 

 fresh-water, or, at least, bi'ackish- water estuarine areas, were devoid 

 •of animal life," but maintains that some of these basal beds '•' were 

 being formed when ' Prevertebrate Silurian ' sediments were being 

 laid down beyond the limits of the estuaries, and therefoi'e under 

 marine conditions." Here, as in other cases, we fail to find the 

 precise evidence which would make the author's contentions of 

 value, and we regret that we cannot recommend the work as 

 likely to prove either attractive to our readers or of serious help to 

 students. We can, in fact, only wonder why such a work has been 

 published. 



V, — Geological Rambles in East Yorkshire. By Thomas 

 Sheppard, F.G.S., Curator of the Municipal Museum, Hull. 

 8vo ; pp. xi, 235, with geological map and many illustrations. 

 (London: A. Brown & Sons [1903].) 



fPHERE are few districts that can offer so many attractions to 

 JL the geologist and to the collector of fossils as that described in 

 5thi8 volume. From Spurn Head to Redcar, a good deal beyond the 

 •limits of the geological map of the East Riding which accompanies 

 'this work, the author takes us in a series of rambles ; and under his 

 guidance we see and learn much about the Recent and Pleistocene 

 ■deposits, the White and Red Chalk, the Speeton Clay, the many 

 divisions of the Oolites, and the Lias of Robin Hood's Bay, Whitby, 

 and Redcar. The information is imparted in a pleasant style, and 

 is thoroughly ' up to date,' due regard being paid to the work of the 

 .geologists of old, to William Smith, Young and Bird, John Phillips 

 and Leckenby (though we miss a reference to Martin Simpson), as 

 well as to that of Judd, Tate and Blake, Hudleston, Fox-Strangways, 

 Reid, Lainplugh, Kendall, Stather, and others. The author himself, 

 too, has laboured with much enthusiasm on the geology of the newer 

 deposits, and we can cordially recommend his book as a handy and 

 reliable guide to this interesting region. The work is well illus- 

 trated, and mostly from photographs. There is a good index, but 

 ■curiously enough no date is affixed to the volume. 



