98 A Retros2Ject of PalcBontology for Forty Years. 



spiral - bearing forms and on the genus Merista (1881); on 

 Scottish Silurian species (1883) ; also joint papers with Professor 

 W. King on Trimerella, Dinobolus, and Monomorella ; and with 

 George Maw on Silurian Brachiopoda from Shropshire. Professor 

 E. Eay Lankester (1870) wrote on a new large Terebratula from 

 the Drift of Suffolk, which he named Terebratula rex (p. 413). 

 C. J. A. Meyer (1864) on the Lower Greensand Brachiopoda, 

 Surrey ; (in 1868) on the development of the loop and septum in 

 Terehratella ; Professor William King (1867) on perforated Paleozoic 

 Spiriferidge. John Francis Walker, in the same year, described new 

 Terebratulidae, Waldheimia Bavidsoni, W. Woodioardi, and T. Dallasii ; 

 and in 1868 twelve other species of Brachiopoda, all from the Lower 

 Greensand of Up ware ; he added two varieties of T. depressa and 

 two new species, T. Seeleyi and BhyncJionella Crossii, also from 

 Upware, in 1870. That author noticed (1878) the occurrence of 

 T. Morieri in England, and in 1892, the discovery of T. substriata 

 near Scarborough, Yorkshire. The well-known Canadian palaeonto- 

 logist Elkanah Billings (born 1820 and died 1876) achieved 

 admirable work in his busy life in monographing Corals, Brachio- 

 poda, Crinoids, Trilobites, Graptolites, and plants (see Decades of 

 Survey on "Canadian Organic Remains"). He contributed an 

 excellent paper and plate in 1868 on StricMandinia Bavidsoni and 

 S. SaJteri (p. 59). Professor G. Lindstrom, of Stockholm, wrote on 

 the genus Trimerella (in 1868) ; the Eev. N. Glass described the 

 modifications in the spirals of fossil Brachiopoda (1888), and of the 

 loop in Athyris Iceviuscula (1891) ; S. S. Buckman had a paper on 

 Jurassic Brachiopoda in 1886 ; E. Westlake on Terebratula from the 

 Upper Chalk of Salisbury in 1887 ; Dr. John Young on the minute 

 shell-structure of Mchwaldia CapewelU, and on the shell-structure 

 of Chonetes Laguessiana from the Lower Carboniferous Limestone 

 series of Lanarkshire. Dr. A. H. Foord noticed West Australian 

 Brachiopoda ; J. L. Lobley the range of British fossil Brachio- 

 poda ; R. Bullen Newton (1892) wrote on Chonetes Pratti from 

 the Carboniferous rocks of West Australia ; F. R. Cowper Reed 

 on some abnormal forms of Spirt/era Uneata, Martin (1893), and on 

 Eumetria (?) serpentina, a Carboniferous Brachiopod new to Britain 

 (1898). Dr. G. F, Matthew described and figured the oldest known 

 Siphonotreta (Protosiphon) Kempanum from Cambrian, Division 16 of 

 the St. John Group, N.B. Canada (1897). Agnes Crane gave, in a 

 clever paper, the evolution of the Brachiopoda (1895) ; andR.Etheridge 

 noticed the fossils of the Red Beds, Lower Devonian, Torquay (1882). 

 MoLLUSCA. — Many of the earlier and more important papers on 

 Mollusca dealt with this class from a geological aspect, such as that 

 by R. D. Darbishire (1865) on the fossil shells obtained from the 

 Drift-beds of Macclesfield. The author refers to the Moel Tryfaen 

 shells near Carnarvon at 1.350 feet above sea-level, from which 

 60 species of mollusca were obtained; to those of Gynn, between 

 Blackpool and Fleetwood, Lancashire. The highest points about 

 Macclesfield discovered by Sir J. Prestwich was at the Setter Dog Inn, 

 on the Buxton Road, 1,200 feet above sea-level. Mr. Darbishire's 



