148 A Retrospect of Palcvontology for Forty Years. 



saurus, Wealden ; Polacanthis, Acanthopholis, and Scelidosaiirus (all 

 British forms) belong to the armoured Dinosaurs. 



The section of the great bird-footed Ornithopoda is well represented 

 by Iguanodon and its allies in this country and in Belgium, while 

 that of the Thekopoda was known here by Megalosaurus since the 

 days of Buckland (1824). 



In 1890-91 Marsh brought before the public his gigantic 

 Ceratopsidjj:, horned Dinosaurs, with skulls of marvellous form, 

 nearly 6 feet from the tip of the pointed snout to the edge of the 

 huge bony frill which expanded between 3 and 4 feet in breadth, 

 like an immense Elizabethan collar, over the creature's neck behind. 

 The skull had three horns, two over the orbits and one on the nasal 

 bone (hence the generic name Triceratops) ; the jaws had sharp 

 horny beaks in front and ttoo-fanged molar cheek teeth. It had 

 besides a covering of dermal armour. 



An interesting investigation as to the makers of the footprints, so 

 long attributed to Dinornis-Wke birds, met with upon the slabs of 

 fine-grained sandstone in the Connecticut valley, resulted in the 

 discovery by Marsh of a small light-footed Dinosaur named Anchi- 

 saurus colurus, a little over 4 feet in height, which, although not 

 tridactyle, only impressed three of its four toes on the wet sands in 

 running, touching the tip of the nail only of the fourth toe on the- 

 ground. The restoration of this early Dinosaur in 1893 is accom- 

 panied by two others, a large carnivorous form like our Megalosaurus, 

 the (7era<osa?ints, and a bird-footed and beaked form, Claosaurns, near 

 to our Iguanodon, with which it also agrees in size. 



A restoration of Camptosauriis dispar from the Upper Jurassic 

 of Wyoming appeared in 1894, also footprints of Coal-measure 

 Labyrinthodonts from Kansas. Other restorations of European 

 genera were continued to be published in 1896. First and smallest 

 of all these is the Compsognathus longipes, Wagner, preserved on a 

 slab of Lithographic Stone from Bavaria. Next follows Scelidosaiirus 

 Harrisoni (Owen) fi'om the Lias of Charmouth. Then another very 

 small Dinosaur named Hypsilojjhodon Foxii (Huxley) from the 

 Wealden of the Isle of Wight, and Iguanodon Bernissartensis from 

 Belgium. 



These were followjsd hy a final classification of the Dinosaurs, 

 with twelve beautifully executed figures, and a note on the Sauropoda 

 which appeared in 1899. Marsh gave the results in 1898 of his 

 visit to St. Petersburg, Moscow, Vienna, Munich, Paris, Caen, 

 Havre, and London, and additional notes on Dinosaurian remains 

 seen during his toui*. 



Professor H. G. Seeley wrote in 1881 on the Ornithosaurians of 

 the Cambridge Greensand ; in 1895 on Pareiasaurus Baini from 

 the Karoo formation (Trias) of Cape Colonj', obtained by him in 

 1889 at Bad, near Tamboer-Fonteiu ; the most perfect Anomodont 

 reptilian skeleton then known, only equalled by the specimens 

 recently discovered by Professor Amalitzky in the Trias of Russia. 

 In 1898 Seeley described two Rha^tic Dinosaurs, Avalonia Sanfordi 

 and Ficrodon Herveyi, from Wedmore Hill, Somerset ; and in the 



