A Retrospect of Palceontology for Forti/ Years. 153 



W. Boyd Dawkins discussed, in 1868, the value of the evidence for 

 the existence of the Mammoth in Europe in pre-Glacial times, and 

 he concluded that the evidence forthcoming did not, in his opinion, 

 support the contention of the pre-Glacial age of the Mammoth, which 

 must be considered to be of later date. 



In 1870 Professor Huxley contributed a paper on the milk- 

 dentition of PalcBotherium magnum, in which he pointed out that the 

 genus Paloplotherium was founded upon a mistake, and it disappears 

 from zoological nomenclature. Professor James Geikie described 

 the occurrence in 1868 of Bos primi genius in the Lower Boulder- 

 clay of Scotland. 



E. Eay Lankester announced (1869) the discovery of a new 

 Trilophodont Mastodon in the Suffolk Bone-bed at Woodbridge, and 

 in the same year the finding of a portion of the tusk of tlie great 

 sabre-toothed tiger Macliairodas from the Forest-bed at Cromer, on 

 the Norfolk coast. In 1899 he returned to the subject of the 

 'J'rilophodont Mastodon from the Suffolk Crag, and refigured his 

 Mastodon angastidens as var. latidens, the obscuring phosphatic 

 matrix having been removed. 



Professor Eobert Harkness (1870) mentioned the occurrence of 

 elephant - remains in Ireland. He concluded that there is good 

 evidence of the Mammoth having been met with in Shandon Cave, 

 Dungarvan, co. Waterford. 



In 1871 Dr. James Murie gave figures of the skeleton and an 

 admirable restoration of Sivathenum giganteum, a type of Miocene 

 Tertiary short-necked horned ruminants, which with JTelladotJierium, 

 Bramatlierhim, Samotherium, and some others belong to the GirafS-dse, 

 and of which the long-necked giraffe and the recently discovered 

 short-necked Okape alone survive. 



William Davies (1878) recorded the animals obtained by J. J. 

 Owles, of Yarmouth, from the Dogger Bank in the North Sea, an 

 old Pleistocene or Posfc-Glacial land lying off the east coast and once 

 a part of these Islands when thej^ were joined to the Continent, 

 and the bear, wolf, hyaena, the Irish deer, the reindeer, red deer, 

 urus, bison, horse, rhinoceros, mammoth, beaver, elk, musk-ox, etc., 

 were common British animals. He noticed a fine jaw of mammoth 

 dredged from the Dogger Bank in 1837, and in 1879 mentioned the 

 occurrence of the musk-ox ( Ovibos moschatus) from the Thames 

 Brickearth at Crayford in Kent. In 1880 Davies announced the 

 discovery (by James Backhouse, of York) of the northern lynx 

 (Felis horealis) in a cave in Teesdale, Durham. He added a new 

 British carnivore in 1884, the civet {Viverra Hasting sice), from the 

 Eocene of Hordwell, Hampshire. 



In 1880 E. T. Newton commenced a series of papers on the 

 Vertebrata of the Pre-Glacial Forest Bed series of the East of 

 England. In his first paper he recorded the wolf, fox, Machairodus, 

 Felis, marten, glutton, bear (two species), walrus, and a seal. 

 In his second paper he gave the horse, the ass, four species of 

 Bhinoceros, Hippopolarmis, two species of pig, ox, bison, sheep, goat, 

 thirteen species of deer, and the reindeer (Eangifer tarandus). In 1882 



