154 A Retros2)ect of Palceontologi/ for Forty Years. 



he noticed the occurrence of the marmot, Spermopldlus, beneath the 

 Glacial Till of Norfolk. In 1883 he described the teeth oi Ilycsna 

 crocuta, var. speJcea, from the Forest Bed at Gorton, Suffolk. In 

 1887 he figured remains of the otter, the eagle, owl, shoveller duck, 

 and cormorant, all from tlie Forest Bed series. E. T. Newton added, 

 in 1889, descriptions of Cervus rectus, Bisoii honasns, Phoca barbata, 

 Delphinnpteriis leiicns, and Phocmia communis. In 1S9U the same 

 author noticed the occurrence of Lemmings and other rodents in 

 the Brickearth of the Thames Valley, Crayford. Lastly, in 1902, 

 he recorded the discovery of Trogontherium, the giant beaver, from 

 near Greenhithe, Kent, in the valley of the Thames. 



Sir Henry Howorth wrote in 1880 on the Mammoth in Siberia, 

 giving a number of interesting facts to prove the very early date 

 in history when, bj^ the trade-routes, Mammoth ivory was brought 

 south-west into Europe from Siberia. In 1901 he wrote of "the 

 earliest traces of Man," taking as his text the evidence of PalEeolithic 

 Man in Africa, by Sir John Evans, H. 0. Forbes on the stone 

 implements from Egypt and Somaliland, Ashingtou Bullen on 

 Eolitliic implements, etc. 



Richard Lydekker had a series of three papers on the Artiodactyla, 

 etc., in 1885, and on the teeth of Uymwdon in 1890. 



Professor 0. C. Marsh (in 1887) wrote on American Jurassic 

 mammals, and figured and described many forms closely resembling 

 our Purbeck and Jurassic microtheres, of which he made us 

 acquainted with no fewer than 26 species. In 1889 he illustrated 

 the skeleton of the great Ilrontops {Titanotlierium), a huge bony- 

 horned Rhinoceros with two blunt bony prominences on its snout near 

 the extremity, placed side by side. He figured Coryphodon hamatus 

 in 1893, a huge Amblypodous ungulate allied to Diuoceras, from the 

 Lower Eocene of Wyoming, U.S.A. In 1894 he gave a restoration 

 of Elotherinm crassum, a pig-like animal from the Miocene of North- 

 Eastern Colorado, only surpassed in bulk by the Rhinoceroses and 

 Titanotheres, its contemporaries. In 1899 Marsh published his 

 Address on the Origin of Mammals (delivered at Cambridge 

 August 25th, 1898). On the 18th March he passed away in his 

 68tli year, having done a day's work and done it well. 



Dr. C. I. Forsyth Major wrote in 1890 on the Pliocene Mammalian 

 Fauna at Olivola in the Carrara Mountains, and recorded Felis, 

 Machairodus, ITycsna robnsta, Canis, TJrsus etruscits, Ehinoceros 

 etrtisciis, Eqiius stenonis, Mastodon arvernensis, Siis Slrozzi, Cervus 

 dicranius, Leptohos elutus, Castor, etc. In 1899 he described Sciurus 

 Bredai and S. sp., Lagopsis vents, and Cricetodon minus, from the 

 Middle Miocene of Oeningen ; fossil dormice, Muscardinus san- 

 saniensis, and Eliomys Hamadryas, from Sansau and La Grive Saint- 

 Alban, and on Pliohyrax grcecus from the Upper Miocene of Samos 

 and Pikernii. 



In 1900 Forsyth Major gave a summary of what was known of 

 the extinct primates of Madagascar — Megaladapis, PaJcBOcliirogalus, 

 Nesopithecus, and Sadropiihecus ; and in 1901 an interesting article 

 on the transference of secondary sexual characters of mammals from 



