Reporh and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 187 



beaches of Britain, and it was contended that the Seter or rock- 

 shelves of Norway, which were claimed as the results of weathering 

 caused by diurnal variations of temperature, could be paralleled in 

 the rock-shelves of undoubtedly marine origin round both sides of 

 Scotland. The second section of the address was devoted to the 

 proofs of submergence furnished by fjords and sunk forests. It was 

 shown that in the South of England and Wales a remarkable 

 oscillation had taken place, the raised beaches being first brought 

 much higher than their present level above the sea, and standing at 

 that higher level when the lowest sunk forests existed as land- 

 surfaces ; while, by a subsequent submergence, these forests were 

 placed under low-water mark and the raised beaches were brought 

 into their present relations to the sea -level. The third section 

 briefly pointed out the inferences to which the facts seemed most 

 naturally to point. It was argued that the variations in the develop- 

 ment and height of the raised beaches could not be satisfactorily 

 explained by any conceivable variation in the level of the sea ; while,, 

 on the other hand, the proofs of submergence in the south of our 

 island in Neolithic time and of emergence in the north, were only 

 intelligible on the supposition of unequal movement of the land.- 

 The conclusion thus reached was in favour of the generally accepted 

 view that changes of level, such as those of Pleistocene and Post- 

 Pleistocene time, in the British area, have been primarily due, not to 

 any oscillation of the surface of the ocean, but directly to movements 

 of the terrestrial crust. 



The ballot for the Coimcil and Officers ■was taken, and the following were declared 

 duly elected for the ensuino- year :■ — Council : The Eight Hon. Lord Avebury, P.O., 

 D.C.L., LL.D., F.E.S., F'.L.S. ; F. A. Bather, M.A., D.Sc. ; W. T. Blanford, 

 C.I.E., LL.D., F.R.S. ; Professor T. G. Bonney, Sc.D., LL.D., F.E.S., F.S.A. ; 

 Sir John Evans, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., F.E.S. ; Professor E. J. Garwood, 

 M.A. ; Sir Archibald Geikie, Sc.D., D.C.L., LL.D., Sec.E.S. ; Professor T. T. 

 Groom. M.A., D.Sc: Alfred Barker, Esq., M.A., F.E.S. ; E. S. Herries, Esq., 

 M.A. ; Professor J. W. Judd, C.B., LL.D., F.E.S. ; Percy F. Kendall, Esq. ; 

 Philip Lake, Esq., M.A. ; Professor Charles Lapworth, LL.D., F.E.S. ; Bedford 

 McNeill, Esq., Assoc. E.S.M. ; J. E. Marr, Sc.D., F.E.S.; Professor H. A. 

 Miers, M.A., F.E.S. ; H. W. Monckton, Esq., F.L.S. ; E. T. Newton, Esq., 

 F.E.S. ; G. T. Prior, Esq., M.A. ; Professor W. W. Watts, M.A., M.Sc. ; the 

 Eev. H. H. Winwood, M.A. ; and H. B. Woodward, Esq., F.E.S. 



Officers: — President: J. E. Marr, Sc.D., F.E.S. Vice- Presidents : Professor 

 T. G. Bonney, Sc.D., LL.D., F.E.S., F.S.A. ; Sir Archibald Geikie, Sc.D.,. 

 D.C.L., LL.D., Sec.E.S. ; E. T. Newton, Esq., F.E.S. ; and H. B. Woodward, 

 Esq., F.E.S. Secretaries: E. S. Herries, Esq., M.A. ; and Professor W. W. 

 Watts, M.A., M.Sc. Foreiffu Secretary/: Sir John Evans, K.C.B., D.C.L., 

 LL.D., F.E.S., F.L.S. Trecmirer : W. T. Blanford, CLE., LL.D., F.E.S. 



II.— February 24th, 1904.— J. E. Marr, Sc.D., F.E.S., President, in 



the Chair. 



The President read the following resolution of the Council, which 

 had been forwarded to Mrs. McMahon : — 



" That the Council desire to place on record their regret at the death of General 

 C. A. McMahon, F.E.S., who for so many years was one of their colleagues, 

 and took so active an interest in the affairs of the Society ; and the Council, 

 further wish to express their sincere sympathy with Mrs. McMahon and the 

 family in their bereavement." 



