B. J. L. Guppy — Foraminifera of Trinidad. 247 



form of ahyssorim. Eeuss's figure (Sitzungsb. d. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 

 vol. xlviii, 1863, p. 46, pi. iii, fig. 27) shows a very different form. 

 The species seems to have been based on a single fragment with 

 imperfect first and last chambers ; there is therefore nothing from 

 which to infer a polymucronate apex. But this is the essential character 

 of N. abyssorum, and such an apex is clearly shown in Brady's figure 

 above quoted, and I know of no other Nodosaria which exhibits this 

 feature ; I take it, therefore, that Brady's retrorsa (not Eeuss's) must 

 be considered a variety of abyssorum, and thus the range of distribution 

 of N. abyssorum (in a varietal form) is extended to the Ki Islands at 

 a depth of 580 fathoms. Nodosaria abyssorum is so distinct a species 

 that one seldom has any doubt about any specimen of it. The 

 character of its apex or initial end is so marked, and its other 

 characters are usually constant. 



It is remarkable that the nearest relation of an echinoderm 

 (CystecMnus) found in the oceanic rocks of Barbados is also from 

 the neighbourhood of Juan Fernandez, at a depth of over 2,000 

 fathoms. 



Concluding Eemabks. 



I have at the present only a few further remarks to make about 

 the Foraminifera of the oceanic beds. PulvinuUna Menardi and 

 VirguUna are remarkable for their absence from these deposits. The 

 record of the occurrence of an example of P. Menardi by me was an 

 error. PulvinuUna canariensis (a near relation of P. Menardi) occurs 

 in the Pointapier Ditrupa- bed and in the Eadiolarian marls of 

 Naparima, and it is recorded from one locality in Barbados, but 

 I have not found it in the forarainiferal beds of Naparima. (See the 

 observations of Parker & Eupert Jones, "North Atlantic and Arctic 

 Foraminifera," 1864, p. 395.) Virgidina has not occurred either in 

 Barbados or Trinidad. Is it possible that this may be an indication 

 of the age of these beds, while the absence of PulvinuUna Menardi 

 may be due to the extension of the continent to the north-eastward, 

 as indicated in my papers of 1892 and 1902? 



The list of Foraminifera from Bissex Hill, Barbados, given by 

 F. Chapman (Journ. Geol. Soc. London, 1898, p. 550), is almost 

 identical with ours from the Naparima oceanic beds. The few 

 differences are mainly due to the determination of forms under 

 different names by each of us. The only significant difference is the 

 absence of OrbuUna from the Barbados oceanic beds. It is abundant 

 in the oceanic beds of Trinidad and in the Pointapier Ditrupa-hed. 



It may be useful to repeat here the conclusions as to depth of 

 water and other physical conditions arrived at by Messrs. Harrison 

 and Jukes-Browne as the result of their examination of the 

 geology of Barbados (published by authority of the Barbadian 

 Legislature, 1890). 



" In the calcareous earths the shells of Foraminifera are common, 

 most of them belonging to species which are now found at con- 

 siderable depths .... the assemblage of species being such 

 as might now be found in Atlantic ooze at a depth of 1,000 fathoms. 



