/. Rogers ^ E. A. Neioell Arher — Culm of West Devon. 307 



known in the Upper Culm Measures. Some 300 yards from Blacb- 

 churcli Rock and Mouthmill, and about one and a half miles by the 

 ooast to the west of Clovelly, the even-bedded grits and shales, 

 which in this neighbourhood consist of alternating beds of a few 

 feet in thickness, are thrown into a well-preserved sharp anticlinal 

 'fold. This anticline differs from the others which are found all along 

 this coast, by the fact that a tliick bed of splintery shale occurs 

 between the grits, and resting on this shale is an inconstant and 

 impersistent band of limestone. The axis of the anticline lies 

 roughly east and west. The crest is faulted with a downthrow of 

 one or two feet, or perhaps more, to the north ; the faulting being 

 obscured in the lower portion. At the base of the anticline, a fine- 

 grained sandstone is seen, similar in character to the other sandstones 

 in the neighbourhood. Next in order comes the thick bed of shale, 

 which is somewhat obscured below, and consequently its exact 

 thickness is difficult to ascertain. It is probably more than ten feet 

 thick. Near the top of the shale, on the northern side of the 

 anticline, numerous calcareous nodules occur. These begin at 

 a distance of two to three feet from the summit of the bed, the 

 lower nodules being smaller and more scattered, whereas those 

 near the top of the bed are larger and crowded together. On the 

 opposite side of the anticline the nodules are equally prominent 

 and abundant. 



On the northern side, the highest bed seen is a dark-coloured 

 limestone, from 9 to 20 inches in thickness, resting on the con- 

 glomerate described above. The limestone is also seen near the 

 crest on the southern side of the anticline, where it is overlain by 

 sandstones and shales of the usual type. It is, however, impersistent, 

 and does not occur at the base of the anticline on this side, where the 

 sandstones rest directly on the shales with nodules. A microscopic 

 section of the limestone has been very kindly examined for us by 

 Mr. Howe, who has confirmed the conclusion that this rock may be 

 correctly termed a limestone. It may be also remarked that there 

 appears to be here a gradual transition from an arenaceous rock 

 with little or no calcareous material to a fairly pure limestone. 

 Whether this is really the case or not, we must leave to those 

 who possess a more special knowledge of petrology to determine. 



The limestone and the calcareous nodules contain numerous casts 

 of Cephalopoda and Lamellibranchs. We are indebted to Mr. Crick, 

 and to Dr. Wheelton Hind, for the determination of the following 

 species : — 



Gastrioeeras carhonarium (von Buch). Dimorphoceras Gilbertsoni (Phill.). 



Gastrioceras Listen (Martin) ? Orthoceras, sp. 



Fterinopecten {Aviculopecten) papyraceus (Sow.). 



The same species of Gastrioceras were obtained by the late 

 Townshend Hall from the calcareous shales at Instow, already 

 mentioned ; and his specimens are now in the Geological Department 

 of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.).^ These species have also been 



^ Registered numbers C. 1613 and C. 1613n!, see Hiude & Fox, ib., p. 655, table ii. 



