398 D)\ Wheeltun Hind — Loner Calm oj Nortli Devon. 



In that area of England between Cracoe in Craven and Leicester- 

 shire where the Pendleside series is developed, it is found that 

 immediately on the top of the massif of Carboniferous Limestone 

 at Warsoe, at the foot of Pendle Hill, in the River Hodder, near 

 Stoneyhurst, and at Astbury limestone quarry at the foot of Congleton 

 Edge, Cheshire, are beds containing Prolecanites compressus and 

 Trilobites of various species. Higher up in the series are beds with 

 Posidonomya Becheri. Then at Congleton Edge and Pendle Hill 

 some 300 feet below the Millstone Grit beds are marine shales with 

 GlypJiioceras spirale. Such a succession has been found to occur in 

 many localities, and I take it to be a normal one, and that the fossils^ 

 mentioned above indicate definite zones in the Pendleside series. 

 Seeing that these fossils occur in the Lower Culm series, it is 

 important to ascertain whether there is any stratigraphical reason 

 for supposing a different succession of these fossil zones ; if not, 

 the known relation of the fossil zones in other areas may be used 

 as an argument for a similar succession in the Culm area. 



In the Lower Culm series there are two distinct faunas, one 

 contained in the Coddon Hill Beds, the other characterising the 

 Venn limestones. 



Beds of Coddon Hill type. 



In the Coddon Hill Beds the following important fossils have 

 been obtained : — 



TlilLOlilTES. 



Fhillijjsia Lce'i. Griffith'(des acnnthiccps. 



,, minor. ,, longispinus. 



,, Cliffordi. Proetus, sp. 



? *Phinip!^ia PoUcni. 



COEALS. 



*Pal(cach humUis, Hiude. *Pleuroclictiinni Dec/ienianum, Kayser. 



*Petr((ia cf. pauciradlalis, riiill. 



Cephalopoda. 

 Prolecanites mixololms, Phill., sp. *N'omismoceras spirorbis, Phill., sp. 



* ,, compressHS, Sow., sp. *Pericychis, sp. 



Lamellibkanchs. 

 * Chanocardiola Footii, Baily, sp. 

 Brachiopoda. 

 *Chonet.es Lagucssiana, aud shells either crushed or varieties alluded to by Vou 

 Koenen as G. dcJleoM aud C. rectispina. *Produc(ns plicafits, Sarres. 



*Several Radiolaria. 



The species marked * are all found at the base of the Pendleside 

 series in the Bolland district of Yorkshire. The exact locality 

 where Phillips obtained P. mixolohus is unknown, as he only gives 

 Bolland, which is a large district in which are beds belonging to the 

 Carboniferous Limestone, Pendleside series, and Millstone Grit. 



Palceacis Immilis, says Dr. G. J. Hinde, is " fairly common in 

 sliale or mudstone, associated with limestones and chert exposed on the 

 banks of the river Hodder, below Stoneyhurst College, Lancashire ; 

 according to Mr. E. H. Tiddeman the rocks .... come in 

 between the Clitheroe limestones and the Pendleside limestones." 



