NOTES ON THE igi6 ERUPTION OF MAUN A LOA 473 



to three hundred yards to the northeast of the vent just described. 

 But after night fell the glow above this was negligible. 



Between the new cone directly west of our bivouac and the 

 place of greatest activity just described fumes were rising steadily 

 from numerous larger and smaller vents and cones. After darkness 

 came on three of these fuming places exhibited glow. From our 

 viewpoint this glow came and went intermittently, but this appeared 

 to be due to drifting fog and fumes alternately concealing and dis- 

 closing the illuminated fume columns. 



The larger new cone just west of our bivouac showed steady, 

 vigorous glow on the fumes at both its north and south extremities. 

 These were separated by a dark interval of about 200 feet. No 

 incandescent matter was thrown from this cone into our field of 

 vision. 



To the northwest, at a distance of about a third of a mile — 

 hence probably more than 2| miles from Puu o Keokeo in a direc- 

 tion a little west of north— was a cone which in some respects 

 exhibited the greatest activity of any of the vents, though it was 

 not conspicuous for glow. Indeed, it was remarkable for the com- 

 paratively slight amount of illuminated fumes which appeared to 

 spread from it. By daylight this cone was not seen clearly, owing 

 to drifting fog and fumes; but at night it became plainly visible. 

 It was still building. There were numerous incandescent gashes 

 and glow-spots on its sides which remained without substantial 

 change throughout the hours of the night. These were interpreted 

 as true gashes and orifices in the shell of the cone, throngh which 

 shone out the incandescent core. Almost incessantly red-hot masses 

 were thrown out of this cone into the air. Most of these barely 

 cleared the summit to tumble and roll down the sides of the cone. 

 The relative motion of these between and among the practically 

 permanent orifices created the illusion of a steady fountain-play of 

 fiery particles high above the summit of the cone, rising and falling 

 like droplets at the top of a jet of water. It required prolonged 

 observation to correct this impression. At intervals of from 

 twenty seconds to three to five minutes, larger masses were pro- 

 jected into the air high above the apex of the cone. These usually 

 would describe free parabolic curves to fall, apparently, beyond the 

 base of the cone. In most of these cases no rolling was seen. At 



