UPPER PALEOZOIC FORMATIONS OF KANSAS 735 



"About the upper terrane there is much dispute as to age. 

 The Russian geologists are about equally divided. Amalitzky 

 considers it Permian. By others it is regarded as Triassic. 

 Fossils occur rarely. Those found are chiefly lamellibranchs." 1 



OPINIONS OF OTHER EUROPEAN GEOLOGISTS. 



There are other noted European geologists, however, whose 

 conclusions are in general accord with those of Dr. Freeh. 



Waagen, in his magnificent work on the geological classifi- 

 cation of the Upper Paleozoic rocks of the Salt-Range in northern 

 India, ranked the Permian as a system which he divided into the 

 three following groups, arranged in ascending order : Permo- 

 Carboniferous, Rothliegendes and Magnesian limestone. He 

 published a table showing the correlation of the Upper Paleozoic 

 strata of the Salt-Range. with similar deposits of other countries 

 on which the "red sandstones and shales of Texas," containing 

 vertebrates and invertebrates which have been described by Cope 

 and White, were correlated with the lower part of the Magnesian 

 limestone, or upper group of his Permian system. The "lime- 

 stones and shales, with Pseudomonotis hawni ( speluncarid) 



of Kansas, red gypsum beds of Texas " 2 were regarded as equiva- 

 alent to the remaining portion of the Magnesian limestone group 

 and consequently represent the upper part of the Permian system. 



De Lapparent, in the last edition of his comprehensive 

 treatise of geology, gives the Permian the rank of a system 3 to the 

 lowest stage of which, the Artinskien or Autunien, he refers the 

 Neosho, Chase and Marion terranes of central Kansas. It is 

 stated that it would be difficult to class elsewhere than in the 

 Artinskien, the Neosho and the Chase, although there may be a 

 doubt regarding the correlation of the Marion. 4 On his table of 

 "Synchronism of Permian assises," beds with Plearophoms and 

 with Pseudomonotis of Kansas are given as in the Thuringien or 

 Upper Permian stage, 5 while on the following page it is stated 



1 Ibid., pp. 330, 331. 



'Mem. Geol. Surv. India, Pah?., India. Series 13, Salt-Range Fossils, Vol. IV, 

 Pt. II, Geol. Results, Calcutta, 1891, op. p. 238. 



3 Traite de Geologie, 4th ed., Pt. II, 1900, pp. 759~9°3- 



4 Ibid., pp. 980-1. *Ibid., p. 993. 



