50 McMahon 8i Sudleston — 



the best represented genera, and the fauna was regarded as most 

 resembling Caradoc. Many of these fossils are in a fairly good state 

 of preservation. The types are to be seen at the British (Natural 

 History) Museum. 



Shortly afterwards Stoliczka wrote a memoir on the Palseozoic 

 formations in Spiti.^ Here he came across a fossiliferous horizon 

 which he called the ^hah eh- series, but the fossils were badly 

 preserved. In his recapitulation Stoliczka described his Bhabeh- 

 series as probably of Lower Silurian age, consisting of sandstones, 

 slates, and quartzites, containing Orthis and other genera not 

 specifically determinable. 



Subsequently it is believed that important additions have been 

 made to the collections from this horizon in the Himalayas, but 

 at present these matters are in reserve. The following extract from 

 Mr. E. D. Oldham's Manual,^ published in 1893, bears upon this 

 point. It occurs as a footnote. " A large number of fossils from 

 General Strachey's collections were described by Messrs. Salter 

 and Blanford in 1865, and the collections which were made by 

 Griesbach, which are still in the course of description, will doubtless 

 add to their number. Until this fauna has been worked out and 

 its relations fully determined, there does not appear to be any benefit 

 in printing a nominal list of the species that have been described." 



3. The Third Falceozoic Horizon. — Like the second horizon, this has 

 no replica in the Salt Eange. So far as anything is known about 

 it, we are still indebted to Stoliczka. Eeferring to his experiences 

 in Spiti, he thus speaks of the Muth-series : — " Above the true Silurian 

 rocks there will be found a thickness of beds, of about 1,000 feet, 

 distinguished by a different shade of a bluish colour ; their age 

 is left undecided. The fossils of this series occur in an arenaceous 

 limestone, some of the beds being of a purer limestone of a dark 

 colour. Specific determination is not easy owing to the bad state 

 of preservation." 



Two species of Cyathophyllum were recognized, whilst the 

 Brachiopoda were represented by Strophomena and two species 

 of Orthis. In his summary Stoliczka regarded the Muth-series 

 as of Upper Silurian age, and he correlated, as already stated by 

 General McMahon, the middle or fossiliferous division of that 

 series with the Blaini-limestone. 



4. The Fourth Falceozoic Horizon. — This may be focussed under 

 the general term of the Kuling-series. The fine collection of 

 Carboniferous fossils sent by Colonel Godwin-Austen from Kashmir 

 engaged the attention of Davidson many years ago.^ A considerable 

 number of these specimens may yet be seen in the Museum of the 

 Geological Society. This very abundant and characteristic fauna 

 is receiving ample attention from the writers in the Palceontologia 

 Indica, supplemented as it is by the highly fossiliferous Productus- 

 limestones of the Salt Eange. 



1 Mem. Geol. Surv. India, vol. v, pt. 1. 



2 p. 115. 



3 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, vol. xx, p. 383, and vol. xxi, p. 492. 



