438 Dr. C. W. Andreivs — Fauna of Wadi-Natruny Egypt. 



The difference is even more strongly marked than would appear 

 from the measurements, because in the fossil the columns are thicker 

 than in the recent species, and the whole tooth has a much more 

 massive aspect. The increase in height seems to have affected the 

 anterior portion more than the posterior, the much greater length of 

 the antero-internal accessory column being particularly noticeable. 

 In the fossil the accessory inner columns lying between the anterior 

 and posterior lobe and between the latter and the talon are very 

 small, the posterior one in fact being a mere rudiment ; in the recent 

 animal these have increased greatly in size, and their height is 

 much greater, not only absolutely but also relatively as compared 

 with the main columns. The enamel on the inner face of the 

 tooth is more sculptured than in the recent species, being covered 

 with irregular grooves which give it a surface like that common in 

 teeth of the Giraffidge. The enamel of the outer face is almost smooth. 

 A last lower molar of an antelope from the Pliocene sands of 

 Montpellier, figured by Gervais (Zool. et Pal. frangaises, 2nd ed., 1859, 

 pi. vii, figs. 8, 8a), is closely similar to the Wadi-Natrun tooth ; it is 

 referred to Antilope recticornis, which Gervais regards as synonymous 

 with A. Cordieri of De Christol. This animal has also been described 

 by Forsyth Major (Atti Soc. Tosc, vol. i, 1875, p. 231) from the 

 Lower Pliocene of Casino. The fact that this species is referable to 

 Eippoiragus was pointed out by Sir Victor Brooke in 1873 (Proc. 

 Zool. Soc, p. 551). A species of Hippotragus has also been described 

 by Lydekker from the Pliocene of the Siwalik Hills (Palgeont. 

 Indica, vol. iv, pt. 1, 1886, p. 10, pi. ii, figs. 4, 4a). It is very 

 likely that the Egyptian form, when better known, will turn out 

 to be a distinct species, but it is here referred provisionally to 

 the widely distributed Hippotragus Cordieri, De Christol sp. 

 {S^. recticornis, Marcel de Serres sp.), above noticed. 



The collection also includes a greatly worn molar which agrees 

 closely with the upper milk-molars of Hippotragus, and may there- 

 fore be assigned to the same species. A horn-core in the collection 

 of the Berne Museum probably also belongs here. It is raised on 

 a prominence of the frontal, enclosing a large sinus which extends 

 upwards into the base of the core itself. It is nearly circular in 

 section, but is so much broken that its form and length cannot be 

 clearly made out ; it must have been much shorter than in an adult 

 individual of Hippotragus niger. This specimen has been described 

 by Professor Studer, who regards it as that of an antelope related 

 to Oryx. There are also some fragments of limb bones, including 

 portions of a femur, a tibia, and a metatarsus ; the last belonged to 

 a rather smaller animal than H. niger. 



The other molar of a Euminant, figured on PI. XXI, Fig. 9, is 

 a remarkably hypselodont tooth, resembling in many respects that 

 of a modern goat. It is the last lower molar of the left side and 

 is somewhat incomplete, the antero-external column being lost. 

 It is greatly compressed from side to side, the talon in particular being 

 extremely narrow, at least towards its summit. The length of this 



