Revieus — 0. P. Hay — Fossil Vertehrata, N. America. 569 



Earthquakes, by J. Milne. Who should write on Earthquakes if 

 ^lot John Milne ? Right valiantly does he urge the claims of the 

 tremulous science, giving a history of seismometry, with figures of 

 all manner of seismometers, and showing the value of seismology in 

 every department of human activity. Geologists will note with 

 interest that he finds no direct connection between earthquakes 

 worthy of the name and volcanic eruptions, but rather looks on them 

 as a symptom of rock-folding : when a rock-bed snaps under the 

 strain we feel the vibrating shocks, but when masses are displaced 

 the quake undulates around the earth. 



Glaciers. There is no article on Glaciers. Perhaps the editors 

 are awaiting the return of the " Discovery." 



Fens, by J. T. Bealby. Too short, but a capital little sketch. 

 Might have given a little more about the geological history of the area. 



Amphibia, by G. A. Boulenger. An up-to-date article, giving 

 a very condensed survey of the subject, including all recent work. 

 Excellent bibliography. 



Channel Tunnel, by W. B. Dawkins. Useful sketch of the 

 history of the work and its geological interest. Mention of Francis 

 Brady's detailed section of the boring for coal at the same spot on 

 the English coast, printed in 1892, would not have been out of place 

 in this article. 



EcHiNODERMATA, by F. A. Bather. Considering the numbers and 

 variety of the Echinoderms, and the enormous amount of work done 

 on them since the rather inadequate article in the ninth edition of 

 the EncyclopEedia, we are not surprised that Dr. Bather has found it 

 impossible within seven pages to give more than a sketch of modern 

 views as to the morphology of the group. He has devoted himself 

 to making clear the relations of the Echinoderma to the other phyla 

 of the Animal Kingdom, and the supposed origins and interrelations 

 of the various classes ; but into any account of these latter he 

 declines to be drawn, considering, no doubt, that each of them 

 should have an article to itself. 



III. — Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata 

 OF North America. By Oliver Perry Hay. Bull. U.S. Geol. 

 Surv., No. 179. 8vo. (Washington, 1902.) 



ANYONE who will take the trouble to cast his eye over the series 

 of volumes which form the Bulletins of the United States 

 Geological Survey cannot fail to be filled with admiration at the 

 mass of digested information presented for his use, and amazement 

 that so much bibliographic work can have been turned out in so 

 short a period. And yet these 180 volumes (1883-1902) form only 

 a small part of the publications of the United States Geological 

 Survey, which is supported by the State in a manner so magnificent 

 that it compels our envy. Not only are they models of what 

 such publications should be, but they embrace so wide an 

 interpretation of the word 'geology ' that scarcely any subject, however 

 remote its connection with the science, but finds a place in its 



