]30 Reviews — DaWs Fauna of Florida. 



11. — Notes on the Geology of Aykshire. By James Lindsay, 

 M.A., B.D., B.Sc, F.G.S. 8vo. pp. 31. (Glasgow, 1890.) 



IN this pamphlet the author gives a summary of what is known 

 about the geology of Ayrshire, and points out many leading 

 facts that are of general geological interest and significance. 

 Prof. Lapworth's researches on the Girvan rocks naturally claim 

 especial attention, and the various fossiliferous stages in these 

 Ordovician and Silurian rocks are duly noted. The Ballantrae rocks 

 have yielded a Graptolitic fauna believed to be of Arenig age, but 

 many of the rocks so grouped may be of earlier age. Above them 

 come the Girvan rocks ranging from Llandeilo-Bala to Wenlock, 

 while rocks probably belonging to the Ludlow Series are also 

 noticed. The Lower Old Eed Sandstone yielding Cephalaspis 

 Lyelli, and the Upper beds with SoloptycJdus and FtericJithys, are 

 represented in Ayrshire ; but the beds on the whole contrast strongly 

 in their comparatively barren character with the older fossiliferous 

 rocks. The author (quoting Dr. A. Geikie) mentions the occurrence 

 in the heart of the Old Eed Sandstone series of Arran, of marine 

 limestone-bands containing Carboniferous Limestone fossils ; thus 

 proving that prior to the termination of the Upper Old Eed Sand- 

 stone, the fauna of that Limestone already existed outside the area. 

 Nevertheless we find a development of Calciferous Sandstones at 

 the base of the Carboniferous Limestone ; and this Limestone is 

 represented with lower, middle, and upper divisions, underlying the 

 Coal-measures. The lower limestone swells out to 100 feet thick, 

 and is the most massive bed of limestone in any part of the Scottish 

 Carboniferous system. The leading fossils of the divisions are 

 mentioned, and in the central portion come the black-band ironstone 

 and some coal-seams. 



The Permian strata, the Volcanic rocks, and the Drift accumulations 

 also receive due attention. Thus we may commend this little work 

 to all who seek acquaintance with the geology of Ayrshire. 



in. — Contributions to the Tertiary Fauna of Florida, with 

 Especial Eeference to the Miocene Silex-beds of Tampa, 

 AND the Pliocene Beds of the Caloosahatchie Eiver. Part L 

 By W. H. Dall, A.M. (Trans. Wagner Free Inst, of Sc. of 

 Philadelphia, Vol. IIL (1890), pp. 1-178, 12 plates.) 



THIS memoir deals almost exclusively with the Pulmonate, 

 Opisthobranchiate and Orthodont Gasteropods of the Upper 

 Tertiaries of Florida. The author states that he hopes it " will 

 make a beginning in the direction of a better and more natui'al 

 classification of our ( American ) Tertiary molluscs, and of a 

 clearance of the ground of synonyms, erroneous identifications, 

 and other misconceptions." Mr. Dall's knowledge of recent and 

 fossil Gasteropods, not only of the American continent, but of Europe 

 and other parts of the world, has been of immense service to him 

 in dealing with the present subject, as is evinced by the astute 

 criticisms with which the memoir is enriched. 



