348 J. H. Cooke — Geological Notes on Gozo. 



for greater differences and longer intervals of time tban now 



obtain But the beds of stratified sand, gravel, and boulders 



overlying the lignite are more likely to have been the result of 

 glacial torrents than of the direct super-position of the ice which 

 may have again approached, but is not proved to have ever covered 

 the spot."i 



[To be concluded in our September Number.") 



II. — Notes on the " Pleistocene Beds " of Gozo. 

 By J. H. Cooke, F.G.S. 



IN the year 1874 a letter signed by Messrs. Feilden and Maxwell 

 appeared in the Maltese Journal "II Barth," in which attention 

 was drawn to a Post-pliocene deposit, said to have been found in the 

 vicinity of Cala Dueira and II Kala, in Gozo. 



A specimen of the deposit, together with a number of shells, that 

 were found in the bed, were forwarded to Prof. Seguenza, who, 

 after having examined them, expressed an opinion that the discovery 

 was one of much importance. From that time to this no further 

 attention appears to have been paid to the matter. 



During the latter portion of the summer of 1890 I was engaged 

 in investigating the geology of the Dueira district, and, it was in the 

 course of one of my expeditions that I first discovered evidences of 

 the bed to which Messrs. Maxwell and Feilden had alluded seven- 

 teen years ago. 



Cala Dueira is a small bay, which is situated at the western 

 extremity of Gozo. Its southern and eastern shores are bounded 

 by mural cliffs of Lower Coralline Limestone,^ that tower above the 

 level of the sea to a height varying from 150 to 200 feet. 



In consequence of a fault, that extends from Monsciar at the head 

 of Wied-el-Arab to Dueira, the eastern boundary of the bay has been 

 let down, and the cliffs are, therefore, no more than 20 feet high in 

 some parts, while towards the west the strata shelve gradually off, 

 and finally disappear in the sea. 



At the mouth of the bay there is an outlier of the Lower Coralline 

 Limestone, which is known as the " Fungus " or " General's " rock. 

 It once was apparently a continuation of the now depressed northern 

 boundary. The bay, itself, forms the embouchure of the Dueira 

 valley, the catchment area of which is bounded on either side by 

 a fault of considerable magnitude. That on the northern side 

 extends from the " General's " rock to the northern base of the hill 

 known as Ghar-Ilma. The down-throw that has resulted from this 



Q.J.G.S. 1888, pp. 402-3. 



The following table shows the order ia -which the Maltese formations occur : — 



Capt. Spratt and Dr. Adam's 

 Classification. 

 I. Upper Coralline Limestone. 

 II. Sand bed. 



III. Marl beds. 



IV. Freestone. 

 V. Lower Limestone. 



Dr. Murray's 

 Classification. 

 I. Upper Coralline Limestone. 

 II. Green Sands. 



III. Clay beds. 



IV. Globigerina Limestone. 

 V. Lower Coralline Limestone. 



