Revieus — J, F. Whiteares' Fossils of Manitoba. 471 



" After the collapse of tlie great Lake-villages it is not singular to 

 find that a knowledge of the system remained among the surround- 

 ing nationalities, which subsequently germinated into activity in 

 various sporadic coi-ners, and produced not only the Scottish and 

 Irish crannogs, but the analogous remains in Friesland, North 

 Germany, Paladru, etc. As the great extinct mammals are known 

 to have lingered in the recesses of mountain-ranges and other 

 secluded localities, so the artificial islands or crannogs and other 

 lake-habitations of the Iron Age are but the deteriorated remnants 

 of a doomed system which, like every dying art before final ex- 

 tinction, passed through a stage of decay and degeneration." Dr. 

 Munro's book has afforded us no small pleasure and profit in its 

 perusal, and we congratulate both Dr. and Mrs. Munro on the 

 excellence and abundance of the illustrations, which bespeak a real 

 love of the graphic art. 



A descriptive catalogue of all the objects illustrated in the text, 

 also a copious index, and an exhaustive bibliography of lake-dwelling 

 researches in Europe, give to Dr. Munro's volume a completeness 

 which is, alas I too often wanting in scientific works. 



II. — Descriptions of some New or Previously Unrecorded 

 Species of Fossils from the Devonian Rooks of Manitoba. 

 By J. F. Whiteaves. From Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, Section 

 IV. 1890, pp. 93-110, Plates IV. to X. (Montreal, Dawson 

 Brothers.) 



WITH the exception of Stringocephalus Burtini, the species de- 

 scribed in the present paper are new. They are as follows : — 



Pelecypoda. Cephalopoda — continued. 



Modiomorpha attenuata. Actinoceras Sindii. 



Megalodon subovatus. Gomphoceras Matiitobense. 



Orthonota corrugata. Cyrtoceras occidentale. 



Gasteropoda Homaloceras (gen. nov.) planatum. 



-r,T J. ■ - _, * Tetraqonoceras (sren. nov.) qracile. 



Pleurotomariagomostoma. Gyroceras Canadense. 



Euomphalus Mamtobensis. ^^ fiUcinctum. 



Cephalopoda. ,, submammillatum. 



Orthoceras {Thoracoceras) TyrrelUi. 



In the Report of Progress of the Geological Survey of Canada for 

 1874—75 (p. 68), •'' a Brachiopod resembling Stringocephalus" was 

 recorded from " the western shore of Dawson Bay," Lake Winne- 

 pegosis, "from slabs apparently derived from the neighbouring cliffs." 



Collections made during 1888 and 1889 by the author and Messrs. 

 Tyrrell and Dowling in the neighbourhood of Lakes Manitoba and 

 Winnepegosis, included a remarkably fine series of specimens which, 

 the author considers to be specifically identical with the Stringo- 

 cephalus Burtini of British and European areas. "They present 

 nearly all the variations in external form which that protean species 

 assumes," and some exhibit the internal characters. "The only 

 appreciable characters in which the Manitoba specimens seem to 

 differ from British or European ones are, that in the former the 

 loop in the dorsal valve is much broader proportionately, and the 



