Obituary — Dr. P. H. Cavpenter. 573 



There may be many geologists in New South Wales ready to 

 succeed Mr. Wilkinson in his post, but it will be difficult to find one 

 possessing the same extensive geological and. mineralogical know- 

 ledge, combined with so amiable a disposition and a readiness to 

 impart information to those seeking it, which will cause his memory 

 to be long held in esteem by all who had the pleasure to come in 

 contact with him, whether officially or socially ; and especially will 

 his loss be deeply felt by a very wide circle of personal friends. 



PHILIP HERBERT CARPENTER, 



M.A., D.SC. (CAMB.). F.R.S., F.L.S. 

 Born February 6th, 1852. Died October 22nd, 1891. 



Philip Herbert Carpentkr, whose sad death we recorded in 

 our last Number, was the fourth son of Dr. W. B. Carpenter, C.B., 

 F.R.S. Born in Westminster, he was taught at University College 

 School, and in 1871 went to Cambridge as a scholar of Trinity. In 

 1874 he graduated as B.A. in the first class of the Natural Science 

 Tripos, and proceeded to the further degrees of M.A. in 1878 and 

 D.Sc. in 1884. Between 1875 and 1877 he studied at Wiirzburg 

 under Prof. Semper, and in the latter year was appointed assistant 

 master at Eton College, being especially charged with the teaching 

 of biology. This post he held until his death. In 1884, when his 

 father received the Lyell Medal from the Geological Society of 

 London, to Herbert Carpenter was awarded a moiety of the Fund. 

 In 1885 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, and he served 

 on the Library Committee and Council of the Linngean Society from 

 1887 onward. 



By the death of Dr. Carpenter, at the early age of thirty-nine, 

 we lose one of the chief authorities on Echinoderm morphology 

 and the acknowledged leader in the study of the Crinoidea, For 

 this position he was by his early training eminently fitted. As a 

 boy his interest was excited by the researches which his father 

 was prosecuting into the embryology and morphology of Antedon. 

 When only sixteen he joined his father and Wyville Thomson on 

 the deep-sea exploring expedition of H.M.S. Lightning, "manfully 

 bearing no little hardship and helping to lighten the evil times to 

 his seniors." It is interesting to remember that the chief incentive 

 to that exploration was the discovery by Sars of new Crinoids in 

 the North Sea two years before. In 1869 he was on the second and 

 third cruises of the Porcupine, making analyses of sea-water, but no 

 doubt keeping an eye on the many rare animals, especially Echino- 

 derms, dredged by that vessel. The summer of 1870 was again 

 spent on the Porcvpine, this time in the Mediterranean. In 1875 

 he accompanied Sir Gr. Nares' Arctic Expedition as far as Disco 

 Island, for the purpose of assisting in the dredging operations that 

 were carried out there and in the North Atlantic by H.M.S. Valorous. 



It was not, however, till September, 1875, that he turned his 

 attention seriously to the Crinoidea, and then as it were by chance. 

 His first studies at Wiirzbui-g were on " the minute anatomy of the 

 genital glands in the Crayfish." It happened, however, that Semper 

 and Ludwig had criticized certain statements of W. B. Carpenter 



