4o6 T. C. CHAM BERLIN 



climatically when it is forced to the surface at the head of the bay 

 than is the more direct surficial Gulf Stream when it reaches the 

 same latitude in Spitzbergen. 



The lessons of the study seem to be (i) the superior climatic 

 efficiency of undercurrents compared with surface currents, (2) the 

 superior potency of the middle layer of the Atlantic. (3) The effects 

 of confinement compared with spreading are also pointedly illus- 

 trated but in reality the results are more a matter of form than of 

 real quantitative effect when the sum total of cHmatic influence is 

 considered. 



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