28 Professor Percy Kendall—Glacier Lake Channels. 
systematic disposition of the channels is still more comprehensively 
exhibited when a larger area is embraced in the review. The 
Cleveland area illustrates this fact with admirable clearness, for 
which reason I entitled my description ‘‘ A System of Glacier-lakes in 
the Cleveland Hills”’. 
On the northern face of the hills I found evidence of a series of 
lakes draining, some to the westward of a dividing-line by a set 
of lake-to-lake channels into a lake in upper Eskdale; another set 
draining eastward to a main overflow by which they discharged into 
the samelake. The lake in Eskdale was, I supposed, upheld by a lobe 
of ice that stood across the Esk, leaving a mass of boulder-clay near 
Lealholm as a species of moraine. I may remark in passing that, as 
Professor Bonney no doubt observed when he visited the place, this 
supposed moraine divides the Esk Valley into two parts of surprisingly 
different topography, the upper part characterized by enormous 
terraces of ancient (lake-)alluvium, and the absence of any boulder- 
clay hills or other characteristic glacial features, as well as of gorges. 
along the course of the river; while, below this obstruction, the 
tumultuous heaps of boulder-clay and other Drift deposits, and the 
succession of gorges through which the river passes form a contrast as 
complete as could be desired to the tamer river-scenery of the higher 
reaches. 
The ice-lobe similarly obstructed the tributary valleys on the south 
side of Eskdale, and not only are there masses of boulder-clay 
obstructing their lower ends and producing topographic contrasts. 
comparable with those of the main valley, but the spurs are trenched 
by channels by which the lake-waters evaded the obstacles. To. 
complete the series these channels conducted to a lakelet near 
Goathland, and thence across the main Cleveland watershed by the 
giant trench of Newtondale into the Vale of Pickering. 
Space does not permit me to discuss in full detail the whole system, 
and it would be hardly fair to my courteous critic to evade the issues 
specifically raised by him. I will therefore confine my attention to one 
district of which his knowledge is almost as recent and probably as. 
full as my own, viz. the country between Fen Bogs, near Goathland, 
and the Esk Valley at Egton Bridge. The interested reader will find 
it fully pourtrayed in the map with 25 ft. contours in my paper 
already referred to (pl. xxii), or, better still, in the Proc. Yorks Geol. 
Soc., 1903, pl. vi. 
The general build of the country is fairly simple—the axis of the 
main Cleveland anticline runs W.-KE., about through Julian Park. The 
River Esk flows along an inflection of the northern slope of this fold. 
The Murk Esk, a tributary of the Esk, rises by two heads, Eller 
Beck and Wheeldale Gill, from the south side of the anticline, and 
these streams, after flowing for distances of one and two miles. 
respectively towards the south, recoil from an opposing escarpment 
and swing round across the anticline—a very clear case of ‘stream 
trespass’, as Fox Strangways showed. 
The ‘ certain channels’ in this area are—(1) Two parallel trenches 
on Murk Mire Moor, beginning as open notches on the bold scarp over- 
looking the Esk Valley within a mile or a mile and a half of the 
