Obituary—Dr. Arthur Vaughan. 93 
and in his first year obtained a major mathematical scholarship. 
He was third Wrangler in [890, and in 1891 obtained a First Class 
in mathematical physics in Part II of the Mathematical Tripos. He 
also obtained Ist class Honours in Mathematics in the London B.Sc. 
examination. These academic successes, brilliant though they were, 
were not considered by his teachers to do full justice to his ability. 
On leaving Cambridge in 1891 he accepted a post as Senior Science 
Master at an Army coaching establishment at Clifton, and remained 
there till 1910. ~ 
His earliest papers were on mathematical physics and dealt with 
the earth’s crust, but shortly after settling at Clifton he became 
acquainted with "Edward Wilson, then the Curator of the Bristol 
Museum, and ‘to Wilson’s influence the definitely geological bent of 
Vaughan’s main work may in a great measure be attributed. Wilson 
was principally interested in the Jurassic rocks, and it was to these 
that Vaughan first turned his attention, his earliest geological paper, 
«The Lower Lias of Keynsham ”’ (1902), being written in collabora. 
tion with Mr. J. W. Tutcher. 
During the years 1900 and 1901 he was engaged in the study of 
the splendid series of sections exposed in constructing the South 
Wales direct line between Filton and Wootton Bassett. The strata 
exposed range from the Old Red Sandstone to the Kimmeridge Clay, 
and include a fine section of Carboniferous Limestone. It was the 
study of these latter rocks which induced Vaughan to re-examine the 
Avon section, and led to the work with which his name will always 
be associated. His paper on the Carboniferous Limestone of the 
Bristol Area, which was published in 1905, has already become a 
' geological classic, and as regards the wide applicability of the results, 
_ and the stimulating effect upon other workers, it may confidently be 
ciaimed that no more important piece of paleontological stratigraphy 
-has been carried out since Lapworth’s work on the Lower Palzozoic 
rocks. 
. Vaughan’s results at once began to be applied by keen workers in 
numerous parts of the British Isles, and he himself described the 
Rush (1906) and Loughshinny (1908) sections in collaboration with 
Dr. Matley, and that of Gower (1911) with Mr. (now Lieutenant) 
EK. L. Dixon. The above papers are principally concerned with the 
zonal succession of the Lower Carboniferous rocks, but deal also with 
the mutations of Carboniferous Corals and Brachiopods, a subject in 
which Vaughan quickly became deeply interested. His views on the 
lines of development in the case of Corals are set forth in a paper on 
the Avonian of Burrington Combe (1911). | 
The rapid growth of interest in the Carboniferous Limestone led 
to many problems being submitted to him, and instead of spending his 
spare time in healthy field work he came to be more and more contined 
to indoor work, which was carried out under none too favourable 
conditions. He was a man who never spared himself, and it is to be 
feared that out of the kindness of his heart he undertook much 
identification with which he really ought never to have been troubled. 
The duties of an Army tutor are also of a very exacting character, and 
all this hard work began about 1908 seriously to affect his health. 
