432 Obituary—Dr. Pierre Marie Henri Fischer. 
were transferred from their old home at Bloomsbury to the new 
museum in Cromwell Road. Mr. Edgar Smith’s researches resulted 
in the publication of some 800 separate memoirs on the Mollusca, and 
a few dealing with the Echinodermata; one of his better known works 
treating of the Lamellibranchs collected by the Challenger Expedition. 
The molluscan faunas of the great African lakes also claimed his 
attention and formed the subject of a presidential address before the 
Malacological Society of London, in which no support was given to 
the views of Mr. J. E..8. Moore, who regarded the Tanganyika 
Gastropoda as representing forms which had their origin in marine 
Jurassic times. 
Mr. Smith had some slight connexion with geological work, as he 
was appealed to on more than one occasion to determine molluscan 
remains found in the post-Pliocene deposits of South Africa, when 
the majority of the species could be referred to recent forms; such 
determinations are to be found in the Trans. Geol. Soc. South Africa, 
vol. xii, pp. 112-18, 1910, and in the Ann. Rep. Geol. Com. Cape of 
Good Hope, 1899-1900, p. 61, and in the same journal for 1906, p. 203. 
He was also joint author with R. Bullen Newton of a paper “ On 
the survival of a Miocene Oyster in Recent Seas’’, published in the 
Records Geol. Surv. India, vol. xlii, 15 pp., 8 pls., 1912. He was 
a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London, a corresponding member 
of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, and of the Academy of 
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. He had occupied the presidential 
chairs of both the Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland 
‘and of the Malacological Society of London, being a foundation 
member of the latter, and editor of its Proceedings at the time of his 
death. For his long and meritorious services to science he was 
decorated, during King Edward’s reign, with the Imperial Service 
Order. Mr. Smith’s great knowledge of the recent Mollusca was 
always at the disposal of both collector and specialist, whilst his - 
amiable and unassuming manner endeared him greatly to all his 
colleagues in the British Museum. 
DR. PIERRE MARIE HENRI FISCHER, 
Director oF THE JoURNAL DE ConcuyLioLociz, MEMBER OF ‘THE 
MatacoroetcaL Socrery oF Lonpon, Ere. 
BoRN IN 1866. DIED JuLY 10, 1916. 
We regret to record the death of Dr. P. M. H. Fischer at his residence, 
51 Boulevard Saint Michel, Paris, in his 50th year. Himself a well- 
known conchologist, he was the son of the eminent malacologist 
Paul Fischer, author of the Manuel de Conchyliologie, a translation 
and extension of that by the late Dr. S. P. Woodward.’ He wrote 
numerous important papers, and was one of the editors as well as 
a contributor to the Journal de Conchyliologie, from 1894 to the date 
of his death. 
1 A Manual of the Mollusca, or a Rudimentary Treatise of Recent and Fossil 
Shells, by 8. P. Woodward, 8vo, 1851-6 (of which upwards of 11,000 copies 
have been sold). 
