A. R. Horwood—Upper Trias, Leicestershire. 461 
It was combined thus :— 
Per 100,000 
Gallons. 
Sodium chloride : ! 6 s , : 101-67 
Sodium sulphate : : ; : : : 340-39 
Calcium sulphate : : ; : : : 163-47 
Magnesium sulphate . 4 i 4 : , 11-50 
Magnesium carbonate ! 5 : : ‘ 31-85 
Silicic acid es : ‘ 3 : : i 2-00 
650-88 
Add oxygen equal to chlorine . ; ; : 13-90 
664-78 
The specific gravity was 1:0060. In 100,000 gallons there were 
98 1b. of sulphate and carbonate of lime and 23 lb. of chlorine gas. 
This compares well with the water which is used at Leamington Spa 
and Shearsby Spa in Leicestershire. It was limpid and clear, but 
brackish. By pumping the solids were reduced from 650 to 465. 
A similar water was met with at Bates’s Brewery at 30 feet, containing 
100 grains to the gallon. 
In a boring at Ansty Paper Mill no water was met with below the 
gypsum. But in other cases wells 30-80 feet deep tapped an abundant 
supply, and water in one case burst through as soon as the gypsum 
was pierced, though marls above and below were dry. At Bagworth 
7,200 gallons per hour were met with under gypsum at a depth of 
197 feet, 100 gallons a minute at Desford at 109 ft. 8 in. (hardness 
- 130°), and in South Leicestershire 17 gallons a minute. 
The Upper Keuper Sandstone supply is not abundant and is hard. 
At Croft water issued constantly from a fissure at the bottom of 
a deep cutting, running constantly for eight months. A pump 
- connected with a boring 130 feet deep yielded 100,000 gallons in 
ten hours, but the water was in this case very soft. Many wells 
in Leicester formerly derived a supply from this level up to 250,000 
to 300,000 gallons per day. Thus, a well in Bond Street (Messrs. 
Fielding Johnson), sunk 151 feet, had water standing at 20 feet 
from the top, and similar wells were sunk in London Road by 
Messrs. Davis, and in Wharf Street by Messrs. Raven. In Churchgate 
(Messrs. Gimson) a well 70 feet deep had water standing at 55 feet 
from the bottom, and at St. Margaret’s Works (Messrs. Corah) 
a well 84 feet had water at 72 feet from Upper Keuper Sandstones 
(26 feet thick). 
No water is derived from the Tea-green Marls or Rheties. Wells 
sunk to the latter have failed to meet with water. There is also too 
much iron pyrites in the latter to make the water palatable, except 
for mineral use. 
The well-known Shearsby Spa deriyes its water from Keuper beds 
overlaid by Lias clays, etc. (perhaps 700 feet thick). It is very 
saline, brackish, but not acid. It has the smell of rotten eggs 
characteristic of sulphuretted hydrogen, and was used (in baths) 
for scorbutic diseases. It resembles the waters of Leamington, 
