J. Reid Moir — Age of. Earliest Palceolitkic Implements. 223 



Acheulean. —Lsite Aclieulean flint implements found byMissN. F. 

 Layard in a silted-np channel in the plateau at Foxhall Road, 

 Ipswich.^ One such specimen (now preserved in the British 

 Museum, Bloomsbury), recovered by nie on the eastern side of the 

 channel, occurred upon sand overlain by contorted material classed 

 by Boswell as " Upper Glacial ".'■ 



Chellian. — Small derived specimens of Chellian, platessiform 

 implements were found in the Middle Glacial Gravel at Bolton 

 and Co.'s brickfield, Ipswich.'^ 



This gravel may perhaps be regarded as of Mindel-Riss inter- 

 glacial age. 



The discoveries made upon the Mundesley coast, and further 

 researches carried out this year at Cromer, tend to show that 

 the glacial gravels overlying the Till contain derived Chellian flint 

 implements, and from the finding of certain flakes, etc., in the 

 Cromer Forest Bed it is suggested that this deposit is the real 

 Chellian horizon. The Till and associated beds may p»ossibly 

 represent the depositions of the Mindel glaciatiom The CheUian 

 implements may therefore be of Gnnz-Mindel interglacial age. 



PnE-PALiEOLiTHic. — The flint implements found in the detritus- 

 bed beneath the Red Crag of Suffolk.^ These specimens, which I 

 regard as of pre-Chellian types, are frequently striated. It is possible 

 that these striae were imposed during the Gilnz glaciation (the earliest 

 glacial epoch recognized by Penck), and the large block of dark- 

 red porphyry, " weighing about a quarter of a ton," seenby Prestwich 

 to be resting upon the London Clay at the base of the Coralline 

 Crag at Sutton, near Woodbridge," may have been transported by 

 the ice of this glacial episode. 



The very primitive edge-trimmed stones, known as " eoliths '', 

 occur as deeply iron-stained and rolled derivatives in the Middle 

 Glacial Gravel in Messrs. Bolton & Co.'s brickfield, Ipswich. '^ 



These specimens are regarded as representing the earliest efforts 

 of man to fashion flints, and as being the precursors of the Sub-Red 

 Crag artefacts.'' 



It is also believed that the Sub-Red Crag rostro-carinate flint 

 implements developed into the earliest platessiform and batiform 

 Chellian implements." ' 



The discovery of Acheulean flint implements at Hoxne ^ and at 

 Foxhall Road, Ipswich,'" occurring in deposits resting upon Boulder- 



' Journ. Roy. Antlir. Inst., vol. xxxiii, 1903. 

 '^ Proc. Geol. Assoc, voJ. xxv, pt. iii, p. 130. 

 ^ Moir, Journ. Roy. Anthr. Inst., vol. xlix, 1919, pp. 74-93. 

 ^ Moir, Proc. Prehis. Soc. East Ansrlia, vol. i, pt. i, jip. 17-43, and other 

 papers. 



* The Structure of the Grag-heds. London, 1871, p. 117. 

 « Moir, Proc. P.S.E.A., vol. i, pt. iii, pp. 307-19. 

 ^ Moir, Pre-palceolifhic Man. pp. 21-34. Harrison, Ipswich. 

 8 Moir, Phil. Trans., B, 1919, p. 209. 

 ^ Brit. Assoc. Report, 1896, p. 12. 

 ^^ Journ. Roy. Anthr. Inst., vol. xxxiii, 1903, 



