Fauna of the Lower Devonian Beds of Torquay. 303 



does not reach the end of the pygidium. There are only eight 

 pleurae on the lateral lobes, and of these the first six plainly 

 correspond with axial rings ; but the narrow posterior part of the 

 lateral lobes appears to be smooth and unfurrowed. The pleurae 

 are nearly straight, and are directed gently backwards at increasingly 

 acute angles to the sides of the axis. The axial furrows are 

 very weakly impressed. The general surface of the axis and pleurae 

 is covered with closely set small hollow tubercles. 



Woodward believed that this pygidium resembled most nearly 

 H. KnigJiti Konig, from the Ludlow, but the present author ^ has 

 referred it to the subgenus Digonus, for its relations seem to be 

 with H. scabrosus Koch "^ and H. rhenanus Koch,^ but especially 

 with H. crassicauda Sandb.,^ as Kayser in his appendix to Koch's 

 paper (op. cit., p. 152) has suggested. To this same group probably 

 belongs H. Vanuxemi Hall,^ of the North American Lower Devonian. 



Dimensions. — " Length 12 lines ; breadth at proximal border 

 11 lines " (Woodward, op. cit.). 



Horizon. — Lower Devonian (Staddon Grits). 



Locality. — Smugglers' Cove, Torquay (S. 87). 



Homalonotus (Bunneisterella) hifurcatus sp.nov. (PI. IV, Figs. 1-3.) 

 1918. Homalonotus {Bunneisterella) bifurcatus Reed, Geol. Mag., pp. 315, 325. 

 Definition. — Body elongated oval, gently convex from side to 

 side. Head-shield broadly subtriangular, narrowing anteriorly 

 to form a short truncate upturned snout (23rora) ; genal angles 

 rounded. Glabella subrhomboidal, widening slightly towards base, 

 about one and a half times as long as wide, subtruncate anteriorly, 

 completely circumscribed, bearing three longitudinal rows of 

 tubercles (or spine-bases) of three tubercles in each row, and one 

 outer pair of tubercles, the posterior tubercles being in all cases the 

 largest, and the tubercles of the two lateral rows arranged in pairs ; 

 but the tubercles of the median row and of the outer pair alternate 

 with the lateral ones and are smaller in size. Axial furrows shallow 

 but distinct, converging to level of eyes, but anteriorly subparallel 

 and uniting in front of glabella. Occipital ring broad, rounded, 

 well defined by continuous occipital furrow arched forward rather 

 suddenly in middle of base of glabella ; pleuro-occipital portions 

 with traces of small tubercle near axial furrows. Facial sutures 

 having their posterior branches arched sharply outwards behind 

 the eyes and cutting the lateral borders of the head-shield in front 

 of the genal angles ; anterior branches in front of eyes running 



1 Reed, Geol. Mag., 1918, pp. 317, 324. 



^ Koch, Abh. k. preuss. geol. Landesanst., iv, 2, 1883, p. 43 [115], t. iii, 

 figs. 8-10; t. h. 



3 Ibid., p. 32 [104], t. iii, Egs. 1-6. 



* Ibid., p. 39 [111], t. V, figs. 1-5. 



^ Hall, Palseont. New York, vol. iii, 1859, p. 352, pi. Ixxiii, figs. 9-13 ; Hall 

 and Clarke, ibid., vol. vii, 1887, p. 11, pi. Vb ; Clarke, Mem. 9, New York 

 State Mus., pt. ii, 1909, p. 95, pi. xxii, figs. 2-6. 



