190 Reports & Proceedings — Liverpool Geological Society. 



2. "Preliminary Account of the Geology of Prince Charles 

 Foreland." By R. M. Craig, M.A., B.Sc. 



The island is a mountainous ridge 55 miles long and from 

 6 to 8 broad, lying parallel to the west coast of the mainland of 

 Spitzbergen, from which it is separated by Foreland Sound. The 

 backbone of the island is formed by the steeply folded members of the 

 Hekla Hoek formation, which is considered to be of Silurian age. On 

 the west coast, in the neighbourhood of Glen Mackenzie, a coarse 

 conglomerate occurs, which rests unconformably upon the Hecla Hoek 

 rocks, and has been derived from them. This conglomerate represents 

 the base of a formation formerly more extensive, and may possibly be 

 of Devonian age. On the east side a series of conglomerates, 

 sandstones, and shales occur, forming a narrow strip along the coast 

 from Vogel Hook to Point Napier. These beds have yielded plant 

 remains which show that they are of Tertiary age. 



3. " The Pre-Glacial Platform and Raised Beaches of Prince Charles 

 Foreland." Bv the late Angus M'Ewen Peach, B.Sc. (Communicated 

 by Dr. B. N. Peach, F.B.S.) 



The paper dealt with the physical features and glaciation of Prince 

 Charles Foreland and West Spitzbergen, the pre-Glacial platform of 

 marine erosion, and the post-Glacial raised beaches. 



IV. — Liverpool Geological Society. 

 February 9, 1915. — W. A. Whitehead, B.Sc, President, in the Chair. 

 The following papers were read : — 



1. "On the Simultaneous Crystallization of Minerals and its 

 Signi6cance." By H. W. Greenwood. 



The author had collected from Halkyn Mountain, North Wales, 

 specimens of calcite containing abundant small spangles of towanite 

 together with wurtzite and malachite, which by their orientation 

 showed clearly that they had been deposited from solution simul- 

 taneously with the calcite. This occurrence seems to be identical 

 with that at Joplin, Missouri, U.S.A., recorded in a recent number 

 of the American Journal of Science. 



2. "On the presence of Tourmaline in Eskdale (Cumberland) 

 Granite." By T. A. Jones. 



Tourmaline has been found recently by the author in fair quantity 

 near joint planes in the granite at Beckfoot, Eskdale. The mineral 

 occurs in tiny specks and irregular and sometimes radiating aggregates 

 often exceeding one inch in diameter. The granite itself has here 

 features which distinguish it in some degree from the general mass of 

 the intrusion. While a coarse micropegmatitic structure is prevalent, 

 a much finer intergrowth of quartz and felspar, closely resembling 

 that of the neighbouring Buttermere and Ennerdale granophyre, is 

 occasionally well exhibited. A detailed description of the microscopic 

 characters of the tourmaline was given, and specimens and photomicro- 

 graphs shown in illustration. 



