Reviews— Wewoka Fauna of Oklahoma. 569» 



VI. — Fauna of the Wewoka Formation op Oklahoma. By George 

 H. Girtv. Bulletin 544, Department of the Interior United 

 States Geological Survey (George Otis Smith, Director), 1915, 

 pp. 353, with 35 plates. 



IN this memoir the author makes some interesting preliminary 

 remarks on the duties of the palaeontologist, whom he regards as 

 a biologist and a stratigrapher. He states that "the stratigraphic 

 palaeontologist, or, as he might be called, the stratilogist, is not 

 primarily concerned with the delineation of geologic formations on 

 a map . . . his special task is the correlation of formations that are 

 geographically separated". He is of opinion that a fauna should be 

 fully described and figured, and not listed as is often done, which is 

 "in effect to state conclusions without producing evidence". The 

 "Wewoka formation belongs to the Carboniferous system, its faunistic 

 facies suggesting an early stage of the Pennsylvanian series as well as 

 exhibiting some striking resemblances to certain fossils from Kansas 

 of about the horizon of the Fort Scott Limestone. Most of the 

 zoological groups are represented in this fauna, the Mollusca being 

 numerically greater than the Brachiopoda. The Foraminifera 

 (Fusulina), Sponges, and Crinoidea are more or less rare, whereas 

 among the Corals Lophophyllum profundum is said to be of abundant 

 occurrence. Nearly 150 species or forms are described and figured, 

 an account of the more important genera being also added. The work 

 has been carefully prepai'ed, and is a valuable addition to the history 

 of an extremely interesting Palaeozoic fauna. T{ B N 



YII. — Fauna of the San Pablo Group of Middle California. By 

 Bruce L. Clark. Bull. Dept. Geol. Univ. California Public, 

 1915, vol. viii, No. 22, pp. 385-572, pis. xlii-lxx (chiefly 

 Mollusca) and pi. lxxi (map). 

 ri^HE author's researches on this series of Tertiary rocks have 

 X resulted in the San Pablo Beds being recognized as a ' group ' 

 rather than a ' formation ' as originally described by Professor J. C. 

 Merriam, and representative of the Middle Neocene. From a study 

 of the fauna, the San Pablo group of Middle California is made 

 divisible into two major zones which are quite distinct, as shown by 

 the molluscs and echinoderms, both zones being again split up into 

 minor faunal zones, which are indicated by the restricted range of 

 echinoderm species, as also of molluscan species. Although mostly 

 of marine origin, it is ascertained that the San Pablo deposits exhibit 

 at different levels certain estuarine and brackish-water conditions. 

 Many of the extinct species are related to forms living off the present- 

 day Californian coast (= Pacific). The author is further of opinion 

 that the San Pablo group is of Upper Miocene age. 



The described fauna includes 9 extinct species of Echinodermata ; 

 3 Bryozoa; 3 Crustacea; 86 Pelecypoda, of which 55 are extinct, 

 27 recent, and 29 new ; 62 Gastropoda, embracing 46 extinct, 9 

 recent, and 33 new ; and 1 Scaphopoda. This memoir is planned out 

 with great care and detail, every information being given in 

 connexion with the stratigraphy and lithology as observed at the 



