Correspondence. 139 



Carne and Mr. W. J. Henwood, tlie latter of wliich gives details of 

 several other stream tin- works in Cornwall, very similar to those 

 given by Mr. Colenso regarding those at Pentuan, particularly 

 mentioning the occurrence of human skulls with bones of other 

 animals. Mr. Colenso expressly states that he sends one skull to 

 the Society for their Museum. If this Museum be still in existence 

 and the skull retained there, it appears to me it would be well 

 worthy of examination by some competent authority. 



There is something about the description of the "tin-ground" in 

 these papers that reminds one very much of the "boulder-clay." 

 Whether formed by ice or water, it was afterwards covered by a 

 "moss," and therefore was above the level of the sea then, but 

 was subsequently depressed at different times till covered by more 

 than 40 feet of marine deposits. It seems like the " sub-marine 

 forests," or submerged mosses, with roots and erect stumps of 

 trees found all roimd our coasts. The most interesting point, 

 however, seems to me to be the finding of human skulls in 

 these beds. 



Dublin, February lOih, 1866. J. Beete Jukes. 



THE RAISED BEACH OF GAXTYEE. 

 To the Editor of the Geological Magazine. 



Sir, — I have only just seen Mr. Hull's interesting communication 

 relative to "the Eaised Beach of Cantyre," or I would otherwise 

 have made some earlier remarks upon it. 



In October last, I spent a week in the neighbourhood of Campbel- 

 town, and I was struck with the apparent proofs, on every hand, of 

 a comparatively sudden rise of the land at no distant date, speaking 

 of time in a geological sense. The cliffs of the Island of Davar, and 

 of other parts of the coast, have, in most places, a footing of many 

 yards in width, composed of broken rock fragments ; and the rock 

 faces, which contain the sea- worn caves, are now far removed from 

 the direct influence of the waves. The height of the floors of those 

 caves which I examined was from 15 to 30 feet above the present 

 high water mark. 



It occurred to me, at the time of my visit, that the cave of St. 

 Kiaran might be used as a cogent argument in favour of the theory 

 that the relative heights of sea and land have not been altered since 

 the Saint inhabited the cave. Were the land to be twenty feet 

 lower, the cave would not be habitable, and it would then be quite 

 unapproachable excepting by means of a boat ; whereas, tradition 

 asserts that St. Kiaran occupied the cave as a residence for some 

 years, and that he communicated with his neighbours by means of a 

 horse, that he had trained to go forth and to bring to him the supplies 

 which were sent by his charitable admirers. 



St. Kiaran is believed to have been the tutor of St. Columba. Of 

 the latter-mentioned Saint, Bede saj^s, — " In the year of our Lord 

 565, when Justin the younger, the successor of Justinian, had the 



