372 Reports and Proceedings. H 



concluded that if the Kentish beds can be proved to belong to any 

 other member of the Tertiary series, it is only to be done by the 

 evidence of the fossils. 



3. " On the Warp of Mr. Trimmer ; its age and probable connec- 

 tion with the latest geological events and changes of climate." 

 By the Kev. 0. Fisher, M.A., F.G.S. 



The author commenced by referring to the opinion of the late 

 Mr. Trimmer respecting the origin of soils, that they are composed 

 of the debris of the underlying rocks, together with transported 

 materials. He then showed that the adventitious matter usually 

 occurs filling furrows in the subjacent rock, and appears to have 

 been carried forward in a plastic state, and not water-drifted. The 

 author named it " trail," and explained that the variation of soils 

 arises from its incorporation with the disintegrated matter. The 

 furrows were considered to be indications of the last denudation of 

 the sm-face, and it was suggested that they may have been formed 

 by land-ice. The ice-sheet having finally disappeared, the formation 

 of the warp with its basal pebbles was considered to be due to 

 meteoric action. The warp was then stated to be older than the 

 last depression of the land, and to underlie the Scrobicularia-clay, 

 while the gravels beneath the submarine forest at the mouths of 

 many valleys were also supposed to be trail. 



In conclusion, Mr. Fisher discussed the theories of M. Adhemar 

 and Mr. Croll, showing that the events as traced in the former part 

 of the paper agree with their views, and that their determination of 

 the date of the commencement of the allu-vdal period (the period of 

 the retirement of the sea from our lower valleys) coincides remark- 

 ably with that assigned to it on totally different grounds by Mr. 

 Prestwich, of from 8,000 to 10,000 years. 



4. " On Faults in the Drift-gravel at Hitchin, Herts." By J. W. 

 Salter, Esq., F.G.S. 



The author described some faults exhibited in a cutting of the 

 Great Northern Eailway, passing through the Chalk and Boulder- 

 clay gravel ; and remarked that, whatever system of movements 

 affected Tertiary rocks, disturbed also the deeper-seated strata, and 

 assigned this as a reason why the older rocks are more faulted and 

 jointed than the newer. 



5. " On some Flint Implements lately found in the Valley of the 

 Little Ouse Eiver, near Thetford." By J. W. Flower, Esq., F.G.S. 



The sands and flint-gravel on the right bank of the Kiver Ouse at 

 Thetford from a terrace 8 to 10 yards above the river, and about 

 40 yards distant from it ; at a spot called Bed Hill a large number 

 of flint implements have lately been obtained from this gravel, at 

 from 12 to 15 feet below the surface, and within a foot or less of the 

 chalk on which the gravel rests ; and some were found in the same 

 gravel filling pot-holes in the chalk. 



The author pointed out the exact correspondence as regards geo- 

 logical position and relations between the Thetford gravels and the 

 flint-implement bearing beds of Amiens, Abbeville, Fisherton, Ick- 

 lingham, Hoxne, &c. He further noticed the close resemblance 



