Carruthers — On Fossil Coniferous Fruits. 545 



The leaves are of two kinds, the one very short and aciite, scarcely- 

 leaving the branch from which they rise, lout with very long decur- 

 rent bases (Fig. 15). The larger leaves scarcely differ from those 

 of a variety of Sequoia sempervirens, Endl., in the Herbarium of the 

 British Museum, that was collected by Bridges in California in 1846 ; 

 they are also similarly arranged on the branch, being scattered around 

 the axis, and having an upward direction "■ and a sub-falcate form. 

 The nerve below is broad, and bounded by two furrows similar to 

 those in the recent species which bear the rows of stomata (Fig. 16), 

 The apex of the fertile branch (Fig. 13) is crowded with erect sessile 

 ovules, each showing the opening through the testa at the apex 

 (Fig. 14). The scales have been broken off, but the scars can be 

 detected. The cone is about two-thirds the size of those on the 

 recent specimen to which I have referred. The vertical rank con- 

 sists of six scales. In form and arrangement they exactly agree 

 with S. sempervirens, Endl. There are no remains of the seeds. 



The specimens are from the Upper Glreensand of Blackdown, 

 Dorsetshire ; they were collected by Mr. Sclater. 



I have associated with this interesting fossil the name of my late 

 valued and talented colleague, Dr. S. P. Woodward, who first drew 

 my attention to the fossil as a Coniferous fruit. 



The following is a list of the remains of Coniferce, as far as I 

 know them, which have been found in the secondary strata of 

 Britain, excluding the Trias, with the fossils of which I am little 

 acquainted. 



Upper Chalk. — Wood in flint nodules. 



Upper Greensand. — Foliage and cone of Sequoiites Woodwardii, 

 cone of Pinites oblongus. 



Lower Greensand. — Water- worn and bored pieces of wood ; cones 

 of Pinites Benstedi, and P. Sussexiensis. 



Wealden. — Drift wood; foliage of Ahietites LinMi; cones oi Pinites 

 DunJceri, P. Mantellii, P. patens, and P. Fittoni and of Araiicaria 

 Pippingfordiensis ; foliage (and drupes ?) of Thuites Kurrianus. 



Purhech.— Fossil forest in situ at Isle of Portland ; cone " nearly 

 related to Araucaria excelsa " in the Dirt-bed. 



Portland Stone. — Drift-wood of Araucarites. 



Oxford Clay. — Drift-wood and foliage of Araucarites. 



Great Oolite. — Drift-wood of Araucarites ; foliage of Thuites 

 acutifoUus, T. articulatus, T. cupressiformis, T. divaricatus, and T. 

 expansus, and of Taxites podocarpoides ; detached cones at Helms- 

 dale, Sutherland. 



Inferior_ Oolite. — Wood of Peuce Eggensis ; foliage of Brachjphyllum 

 mammillare, Crytomeritesf divaricatus, and Palissya? Willi amsonis ; 

 cone of Araucaria sphcerocarpa. Pinites primceva, Lindl. and Hutt. 

 is a Cycadean fruit. 



Lias. — Wood of Pinites Huttonianus and P. LAndleyanus ; foliage of 

 Araucaria peregrina and Cupressus latif alius ; cone of Pinites elon- 

 gatus, and "cone with long bracts like those of Piniis bracteata" 

 from Cromarty. 



TOL. III. — NO. XXX, 36 



