568 Reports and Proceedings. 



wanting, the canines, wLicli are absent, were evidently exceedingily 

 powerful, as shown by the size of the orifices for their insertion, the 

 jaw is remarkably small and must have pertained to a race of dimin- 

 ished stature. 



" Dr. Dupont entertains no doubt of the vast antiqnity of man upon 

 the earth. He said, ' the man of the mammoth is the man of the rein- 

 deer ; and the reindeer man is the man of the polished flint period.' 

 One fact mentioned by Dr. Dupont is exceedingly curious, namely, 

 that the horse appears to have abounded at the time of the early cave 

 men with rudely-worked implements of silex, and were consumed by 

 them for food, but that this quadruped's remains are wholly absent 

 in the polished flint period, from which he argues that the horse was 

 re-introduced at a later period. Amongst the objects found in the 

 cave of Challeux were pieces of fluor-spar and fossil shells, 

 amongst them Cerithium giganteura, imported from the country of 

 Champag-ne, distant 40 or 50 miles, The flints, too, which were 

 used for working, were brought from the same distance, showing 

 evident knowledge of a rude state of trade or barter. 



" It is to be noted that the fossil shells were pierced with small 

 round holes, evidently in order to suspend them as ornaments," 



Such are Sir William Guise's remarks upon these most interesting 

 caverns and their contents. I would only add a few brief notes for 

 the information of those physical geologists who have studied the 

 phenomena of ancient river and cave deposits, and would be interested 

 in our endeavours to correlate those of Belgium with our own here in 

 England. 



The following is the succession of deposits as sketched for me in 

 my note-book by Dr. Dupont : — 



<7 d^^i ^£::.-l^^ 0"^<^V "^ Angular Debris. 



"^w///////!Ly///^ ;^///) sM.,^«. 



" Loess " or Stratified Sands and Claf. 



a Pebble Beds (cailloux roul6s). 



The points that struck me most particularly are as follows : — 

 Firsi. On ascending the ancient Eoman encampment above the 

 "Trou des Nutons," with M. Dumont and Dr. Dupont, they pointed 

 out to me the position of the Drifts that overlie the great platform 

 of Carboniferous Limestone. These drifts contain erratic pebbles and 

 boulders, and occupy a similar position above the bone caves on the 

 Lesse, as do those of the boulder drifts of Gower above the caves on 

 the sea coast, or those of St. Asaph above the river that runs below 

 the limestone caverns. The rolled pebbles at the base of the cave 

 deposits are like those on the upper limestone platform. 



Secondly. After the Belgian caverns had been hollowed out in the 

 Carboniferous Limestone, and the carbonate of lime removed, pro- 

 bably by springs acting upon longitudinal fissures, it is very evident 



