Prof. O. C. Marsh—Restoration of Dinosaurs. 151 
forms from the same localities, so that the chances of error in the 
restorations has been much reduced. The type specimens themselves 
have been fully described by the writer in the ‘“ American Journal 
of Science.” 
Restoration of Anchisaurus. 
The Triassic dinosaurs now known from the Connecticut river 
sandstone have been investigated by the writer, and some of the 
results have already been placed on record." Remains of five 
individuals have been discovered, sufficiently well preserved to 
indicate the main characters of the animals to which they pertained. 
These were all carnivorous forms of moderate size, and the known 
remains are from essentially the same geological horizon. Many 
larger forms, probably herbivorous, are indicated by footprints, but 
no characteristic portions of the skeleton have yet been found. 
The genus Anchisaurus, one of the oldest known members of the 
Theropoda, is so well represented by parts of four skeletons, two 
nearly complete, from these deposits, that a restoration of one species 
ean now be made with considerable certainty. This has been 
attempted, and the result is given, one-twelfth natural size, in 
the above figure (Fig. 1). The animal when alive was about six 
feet in length. 
The skeleton chosen for this restoration is the type specimen of 
Anchisaurus colurus, already described by the writer. This skeleton 
when discovered was apparently entire. Portions of the neck and 
the tail vertebrze were unfortunately lost before the importance of 
the specimen was realized, but the skull, and nearly all the rest of 
the skeleton, were saved. From these the matrix in great part has 
been removed, so that the more important characters can be made 
out with certainty. The parts missing are fortunately preserved in 
a sinaller specimen of an allied species (Anchisaurus solus) found at 
the same locality, and these have been used to complete the outline 
of the restoration. Portions of two other specimens, nearly allied, 
and from the same horizon, were also available, and furnished some 
suggestions of value. 
The restoration as shown in Fig. 1. talons: that Anchisaurus 
colurus was one of the most slender and delicate dinosaurs yet 
discovered, being only surpassed in this respect by some of the 
smaller bird-like forms of the Jurassic. The position chosen is one 
that must have been habitually assumed by the animal during life, 
but the comparatively large fore limbs suggest the possibility of 
motion on all four feet. The compressed terminal digits of the fore 
feet, however, must have been covered by very sharp claws, which 
were used mainly for prehension, and not for locomotion. 
The small head and bird-like neck are especially noticeable. The 
ribs of the neck and trunk are very slender. ‘The tail apparently 
differed from that of any other dinosaur hitherto described, as it was 
1 American Journal of Science, vol. xxxvii. p. 881, April, 1889; vol. xlii. p. 267, 
September, 1891; and vol. xliii. p. 543, June, 1892 ; see also vol. xlv. p. 171, 
February, 1893. 
