188 _ Reports and Proceedings— 
W. Judd, F.R.S.; R. Lydekker, Esq., B.A.; Lieut.-General C. A. McMahon; 
J. H. Marr, Esq., M.A., F.R.S.; H. W. Monckton, Esq., F.L.S.; Clement Reid, 
Esq., F.U.S.; F. Rutley, Esq.; J. J. H. Veall, Esq., M.A.; F.R.S.; Prof: 2. 
Wiltshire, M.A., F.L.S.; Rev. H. H. Winwood, M.A.; Henry Woodward, LL.D., 
F.R.S. ; H. B. Woodward, Esq. 
Orricers :— President: W. H. Hudleston, Esq., M A., F.R.S., F.L.S.  Vice- 
Presidents: Sir A. Geikie, D.Sc., LL.D., For.Sec.R.S.; G. J. Hinde, Ph.D. ; 
Prof. J. W. Judd, F.R.S.; Henry Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S. Secretaries: J. E: 
Marr, Esq., M.A, F.R.S.; J.J. H. Teall, Esq., M.A., F.R.S. Foreign Secretary. 
J. W. Hulke, Esq., F.R.S. Treasurer: Prof. T. Wiltshire, M.A. F.L.S. 
I.—February 22nd, 1893.—W. H. Hudleston, Esq., M.A., F.B.S., 
President, in the Chair. The following communications were read :— 
1. “On the Microscopie Structure of the Wenlock Limestone, with 
Remarks on the Formation generally.” By Edward Wethered, Esq. 
Microscopic sections of limestone have been examined from May 
Hill, Purley, and Ledbury, and the exposures of Wenlock Lime- 
stone were visited by the author. As a result of their study, it 
appears that these limestones have been deposited under varying 
local conditions. At May Hill, the Wenlock Limestone shows three 
divisions :—at the base of the quarry a massive limestone, succeeded 
by thin-bedded limestones separated by shales, and above these a 
nodular, irregularly-bedded limestone. The limestone of this district 
shows abundance of granules similar to Oolitic ones, and it is marked 
by the occurrence of Girvanella problematica, with new and im- 
portant forms of the genus Girvanella. 
At Purley, near West Malvern, is a section somewhat similar to 
that at May Hill. . Pisolite has been described from this area, and 
the author succeeded in finding a weathered block of limestone full 
of pisolites, whilst sections from the beds at the base of the quarry 
show thein to be more or less oolitic. Amongst other Girvanelle, 
a form occurs at Purley which has not been noticed at May Hill. 
The Ledbury limestone is very different from those at May Hill 
and Purley. The variety of calcareous organisms which appear to 
have contributed to its formation is small. No sign of oolitic struc- 
ture has been found here, and Girvanella is only represented by 
occasional aggregations of G. problematica, whilst the extraordinary 
number of forms obtained from May Hill and Purley shows in how 
great a measure the tubules of this organism have contributed to the 
formation of the limestones of those places. 
The author at present offers no opinion as to whether Girvanella 
is animal or vegetable. 
2. ‘On the Affinities of Anthracoptera, and of Anthracomya.” 
By Dr. Wheelton Hind, B.S., F.G.S. 
In this paper the author gives the generic characters of the 
genera Anthracoptera and Anthracomya, and discusses their affinities. 
He gives reasons for supposing that the forms referable to these two 
genera lived in fresh water. ‘The following species are described :— 
(i) Anthracoptera modiolaris, Sow., A. triangularis, Sow., A. carinata, 
Sow., A. quadrata, Sow., A. tumida, Eth. jun., 4. obesa, Eth. jun., 
A. elongata, n.sp.; (ii) Anthracomya Adamsi, Salt., and var. expansa, 
Hind, A. dolobrata, Sow., A. Phillipsti, Williamson, A. scotica, 
Eth. jun., A. modiolaris, Salt., A. elongata, Williamson MS., A. 
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