Reviews—Jack and Etheridge—Geology of Queensland. 281 
others large areas of these rocks were referred to the Silurian and 
Devonian; but Mr. Jack thinks that there is no direct evidence 
of the presence of Cambrian or Silurian strata in the country, and 
that the greater portion of the metamorphic rocks will prove to be 
of Permo-Carboniferous or Devonian age. Some of the richest Gold- 
fields in the colony, that of Charters Towers for example, occur in 
the metamorphic areas. 
Devonian rocks have been recognized in at least five localities in 
Queensland. The most important outcrop on the Broken River is 
sixty miles in length by thirty in breadth. The rocks are mainly 
limestones, shales, sandstones and conglomerates, apparently forming 
a continuous series with an estimated thickness of 21,000 feet. ‘These 
rocks contain a fairly representative series of corals and brachiopods, 
the species of which are all different from those in the succeeding 
Permo-Carboniferous Formation. The principal genera of corals 
belong to Favosites, Heliolites, Pachypora, and Stromatopora, and the 
brachiopods belong to Spirifera, Atrypa, Rhynchonella, Pentamerus and 
Stringocephalus. Some of the species are identical with those in the 
Middle Devonian of the Hifel and North America. 
The Permo-Carboniferous rocks of Queensland have been ranged 
under the Gympie Beds, the Star Beds, and the Lower, Middle, and 
Upper divisions of the Bowen River Coal Field. The Gympie beds 
are the lowest; they consist of greywackes, sandstones, shales, breccias 
and limestones, together with volcanic rocks. Gold-bearing reefs 
are present in some districts, and they prove richest in connection 
with beds of black shale containing abundant remains of Polyzoa 
and Brachiopoda. In one shale-bed there are large isolated boulders 
of greywacke which the author considers to be erratics deposited by 
floating ice. The Gympie rocks were formerly placed as Devonian, 
but they are now believed to correspond with the Carboniferous or 
Lower Carboniferous of New South Wales. Some of the fossils 
correspond with those in the Middle Bowen Rocks, but there is a 
large number of species peculiar to each division. 
The Star beds occupy a basin of about 36 square miles in extent, 
inclosed by granite and gneissoid rocks. They have yielded remains 
of Lepidodendron, Calamites, and other plants as well as numerous 
Brachiopods and Molluscs, some of which are common to the Gympie 
and Middle Bowen beds. 
The Bowen River Coal-field extends from lat. 20° 380’ 8. to 
lat. 26° S. In the lower division no organic remains have been 
discovered ; it is separated from the Middle Division by a series of 
bedded voleanic rocks. The Middle Division consists of alternations 
of grey and yellow sandstones and blue and grey shales with occa- 
sional bands of ferruginous, probably once calcareous, sandstones. 
Two seams of coal occur in the series, and in some of the beds of 
fine sandy and muddy material there are large isolated boulders of 
granite, which Mr. Jack considers must have been deposited in their 
present position by ice action. he ferruginous sandstones abound 
in casts of fossils; in the shales the fossils are less numerous, but 
better preserved. The Upper Division of the Bowen River series 
