472 Reviews—Dr. W. H. Dail’s Tertiary Fauna of Florida. 
II.—Conrrisutions To tHE Tertiary Fauna or Froripa. Part II. 
Streptodont and other Gastropods, concluded. By Dr. Witt1am 
H. Datu. (Trans. Wagner Free Inst. of Science of Philadelphia, 
Vol. ILI. Part I1.). 
HE Caloosahatchie beds, from which many of the mollusca 
described in this work were obtained, are the only marine 
Pliocene deposits of the Eastern United States of which the 
geological age has been admitted without controversy since they 
were first described. This memoir of Dr. Dall’s, therefore, serves a 
double purpose, first to describe the unique fauna, and secondly to 
constitute a standard with which other Upper Tertiary beds may be 
compared. 
The Introduction is practically a paper “On the Marine Pliocene 
Beds of the Carolinas,” wherein the correlative value of the Floridian 
deposits is already manifest. In the course of his studies, the author 
had, necessarily, to deal with the classic faunas of the Tertiaries of 
North and South Carolina described by Tuomey, Holmes, Conrad, 
Lyell, and others. Hitherto the age of these beds has been a subject 
of much dispute, as to whether they are Miocene or Pliocene; up 
to within the past few years they have been regarded as transitional, 
and in 1884 received the appellation “ Upper Atlantic Miocene.” It 
has been reserved for Dr. Dall to show that the fauna is not a 
natural one; in other words the fauna catalogued and illustrated by 
Tuomey and Holmes in their “ Pliocene Fossils of South Carolina” 
was not a true fauna at all, but a mixture of several distinct faunas, 
of which one was of true Miocene age, like the Virginian Miocene, 
whilst another might reasonably be regarded as genuine Pliocene, 
and the stratigraphical equivalent in South Carolina of the Caloosa- 
hatchie beds of Florida. Of course, it was not possible to accurately 
determine such points as these without appealing to the sections 
from which the fossils were derived, and this work was undertaken 
by Mr. Joseph Willcox, of Philadelphia, with the assistance of Mr. 
C. W. Johnson. The last mentioned observer carefully examined 
the strata along the Waccamaw river in South Carolina, and sub- 
sequently those on the Neuse river in North Carolina; and the name 
of Waccamaw beds is now proposed for the former, and Croatan 
beds for the latter, both being included in the Floridian group. 
The determination of the fossil mollusca obtained has enabled Dr. 
Dall to show that by throwing all the doubtful species into the 
category of extinct forms, there are from the Waccamaw beds 125 
out of 180 species still found living, or about 70 per cent.; whilst 
from the Croatan beds there are 80 out of 96 species represented 
in the recent fauna, or over 83 per cent. Thus, the Pliocene age of 
the beds is obvious. 
From these and other considerations, the author has been led to 
establish a new classification for the later Tertiaries of Hastern 
United States, as follows :— . 
Later Hocrns. 
Vicksburg group (Jackson, Vicksburg, and Salt Hill formations). 
Ocala group (Nummulitic beds of Florida). 
