3i6 T. C. CHAM BERLIN 



were agreed that the upper fill actually penetrates deep into the 

 lower fill at several points, while the more critical examinations 

 aided by excavations increased the evidence of such penetration. 



Sudl seeming to be the import of the physical evidence, the 

 testimony of the human bones and of the relics of human indus- 

 tries interpreted on their own grounds seemed to furnish the most 

 available and precise criteria of the paleontological order that was 

 available, and among the human relics the pottery seemed to 

 give the most specific evidence. And so, adding the anthropo- 

 logic and archaeologic testimony to the physico-dynamic evidence, 

 Dr. Chamber lin concluded that the time of deposition of the 

 upper layer belonged within the Recent Period, perhaps not dating 

 back beyond the mid-Recent stage. 



The contrihiition from vertebrate paleontology. — Dr. Oliver P. 

 Hay identified the vertebrate fauna found in the lower part of 

 the creek deposits at Vero as 



essentially that which is found in the Aftonian interglacial beds of Iowa and in 

 the Equus beds of the Plains. From the latter, this fauna may be followed 

 into Texas, thence eastward into Florida and South Carolina. Of this fauna, 

 two species of elephants, the common mastodon, Megalonyx, and the giant 

 beaver continued on until after the Wisconsin glacial stage. Other species, 

 the saber-toothed tigers, Equus complicatus, the tapirs, most of the extinct 

 bisons, and Mylodon probably disappeared before the Wisconsin glacial stage. 

 In the earlier Pleistocene deposits only are found Elephas imperator, camels, 

 several species of horses, and many edentates. At Vero have been found three 

 species of horses, at least four edentates (including Mylodon)^ and a camel." 

 Chlamytherium was originally found on Peace Creek in deposits which were 

 then supposed to be Pliocene. In the same deposits was found a jaw contain- 

 ing a tooth of an elephant which is quite Ukely E. imperator. This species 

 has not yet been found in No. 2 at Vero, but about three miles west of the 

 place Sellards found a lower jaw which belongs probably to this species. It is 

 known from Dallas County, Alabama, and from Charleston, South Carolina. 

 [Dr. Hay regards it and camel remains as particularly indicative of the Aftonian 

 fauna.] It is possible that this fauna continued on for another stage or two 

 without great change, but by the time "of the lUinoisian drift it had become 

 essentially modified.^ 



Dr. Hay regarded the vertebrate fauna of deposit No. 2 as 

 primary, thus making the deposition of the beds as now seen also 

 Pleistocene in age. 



' Symposium i, Jour. Geo!., XXV (191 7), 54-55. 



