C. W. Andrews — On Keraterpetuni Galvani, Huxley. 83 



postero-internal border of tlie orbit. Across the occipital regiou 

 there is a transverse row of large pits connecting the two lateral 

 series. The whole mark the position of the lateral line system of 

 sense organs. 



The sutures between the cranial bones are for the most part 

 obscure, but by careful examination with the lens the arrangement, 

 shown in the figure, can be made out with a fair degree of certainty. 

 The supra-occipitals together form a roughly triangular area, of 

 which the base is the hinder border of the skull ; the anterior 

 angle is truncated by the parietals, while the sides are united by 

 suture with the epiotics. These latter, which bear the long, back- 

 wardly projecting cornua, are bounded by the parietals in front, and 

 the squamosal antero-externally. The squamosal abuts on the 

 parietal internally, but its outer boundary is not clear. I believe 

 that traces of a suture running antero-posteriorly close to the pits 

 of the lateral line, can be made out. If this be so the bone external 

 to this suture, and forming the angle between the outer and inner 

 cornua, will be the supra-temporal. It is separated externally by 

 an obscure suture from a bone which may be quadrato-jugal. 

 The parietals together form a triangular area with rounded 

 posterior angles. In the median suture about two-thirds of its 

 length from its hinder extremity is the round pineal foramen. The 

 outlines of the post-orbital and post-frontal are not very clear, but 

 the lines given in the figure mark their approximate boundaries as 

 shown in the counterpart of the specimen. On the right side a 

 portion of the jugal can be seen forming the outer border of the 

 orbit, but it is crushed and obscure, as also are the maxilla, pre- 

 maxillfe, nasals, etc. 



In the type specimen of K. Galvani the actual sutures between 

 the cranial bones are not shown, but judging from the figure given 

 in the memoir above quoted, their form and arrangement must have 

 been the same as in the pi*esent specimen, which was rightly referred 

 to that species by Ward. 



If the skull here described be compared with that of K. crnssmn, 

 figured by Fritsch (Fauna der Gaskohle, Bd. 1) we find that very 

 great differences exist between the two species. The most notable 

 of these are : (1) In K. crassum, if the epiotic cornua be left out of 

 account, the hinder border of the skull forms a straight line, while 

 in K. Galvani, the occipital border is far behind the outer (quadrate) 

 angle (see figure). (2) In K. crassum, Fritsch figures the epiotic 

 cornua as distinct elements articulating by a kind of ball and socket 

 joint with the epiotic (?) bones. ^ In K. Galvani the cornua are 

 simple backward prolongations of the epiotics. 



(3) In the former the orbits are separated by a space equal to 



1 The morphological value of these separate epiotic cornua is doubtful. Fritsch 

 himself suggests that they may either be simply portions of the epiotic bones or 

 may constitute the whole of them, the bone to which they articulate being in that 

 case undetermined. It may be pointed out that these elements occupy the position of 

 the post-temporals of fishes, and may possibly indicate the former occurrence among 

 the StegocephaU of a connection between the posterior region of the cranium and 

 the pectoral girdle. 



