186 Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 



The Carboniferous species of the genus are revised and eleven new 

 forms described, raising the total number of known Carboniferous 

 forms to about forty. 



III.— March 6th, 1895.— Dr. Henry Woodward, F.E.S., Presi- 

 dent, in the Chair. The following communications were read : — 



1. " A new Ossiferous Fissure in Creswell Crags." By W. L. H. 

 Duckworth, Esq., and F. E. Swainson, Esq. (Communicated by 

 Prof. T. McK. Hughes, M.A., F.E.S., F.G.S.) 



The fissure explored by the authors is about 30 feet above the 

 level of the artificial lake at Creswell Crags. At the top occurred 

 a white earth (with human and other remains), passing down into a 

 red sand with remains of fox, badger, roe-deer, and other mammals. 

 Beneath the latter deposit, and separated from it by a fairly sharp 

 line of demarcation, came the cave-earth proper, with Palasolithio 

 implements and bones of Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Bison priscus, Ursus 

 sj)eJ(eus, HycBna crocuta var. spelcea, and Cervus tarandus. 



The authors suppose that this cave-earth is derived from an 

 older deposit and has been transported to its present place by 

 water, though there is evidence that the transport has been from no 

 great distance. Consequently they followed the fissure inwards, 

 until brought to a stop by a mass of travertine, which they pene- 

 trated with a small hole. They hope to explore the fissure beyond 

 this travertine on a future occasion. 



2. " Notes on the Chemical Composition of some Oceanic 

 Deposits." By Prof. J. B. Harrison, M.A., F.G.S., and A. J. 

 Jukes-Browne, Esq., B.A., F.G.S, 



The authors formerly experienced great difficulty in comparing 

 their analyses of the Oceanic Deposits of Barbados with those of 

 modern oozes made by Dr. Brazier. Since then Dr. Murray has 

 placed samples of recent Eed Clay and Globigerina-ooze at their 

 disposal, and these were analysed by Prof. Harrison and Mr. John 

 Williams. 



The results of analysis of the Red Clay were arranged as follows : 

 Argillaceous constituent 67-85 per cent., pumiceous matter 23*26 

 per cent., organic constituents 5 88, and adherent sea-salts 3-61 

 per cent. The authors found that the argillaceous constituent was 

 not a mixture of an orthosilicate of alumina and hydrated peroxide 

 of iron, having the proportion of silica to alumina as 14 to 12, 

 but a more highly silicated compound in which the proportions 

 were as 33 to 12. It was in fact a ferruginous earth, such as would 

 result from the decomposition of palagonite and of a basic volcanic 

 glass, fragments of which were frequent in the Pacific red clays. 

 The pumiceous matter was the debris of an acid pumice containing 

 7 per cent, of soda, and apparently therefore the pumice of a soda- 

 felsite. Comparing the analyses of the recent Eed Clay with those of 

 Barbadian i-ed clays, they find the differences to be such as would 

 result from mixtures of the palagonitic earth with various acid and 

 basic pumices. A mixture of the palagonitic earth with the 

 pumiceous dust which fell on Barbados in 1812 would have a 



